{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2988786880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","title":"A 77/79-GHz Frequency Generator in 16-nm CMOS for FMCW Radar Applications Based on a 26-GHz Oscillator with Co-Generated Third Harmonic","display_name":"A 77/79-GHz Frequency Generator in 16-nm CMOS for FMCW Radar Applications Based on a 26-GHz Oscillator with Co-Generated Third Harmonic","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2988786880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","mag":"2988786880"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2019 - IEEE 45th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055202761","display_name":"Feng-Wei Kuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-5207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feng-Wei Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035043241","display_name":"Zhirui Zong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2681-0795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhirui Zong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004961224","display_name":"Huan-Neng Ron Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan-Neng Ron Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087125224","display_name":"Lan-Chou Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lan-Chou Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110529025","display_name":"Chewn-Pu Jou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chewn-Pu Jou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030935953","display_name":"Mark Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-5830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027017637","display_name":"Robert Bogdan Staszewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-1129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Bogdan Staszewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055202761"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3616,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6236003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.6010020971298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5760307908058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5599567890167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.47782137989997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-generator","display_name":"Signal generator","score":0.47389712929725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.47175437211990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4226084351539612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3825853765010834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3529238700866699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33849725127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3304746150970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2542378306388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22286131978034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20030412077903748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1495627462863922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.14403724670410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08713331818580627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.6010020971298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5760307908058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5599567890167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.47782137989997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207912722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259123","display_name":"Signal generator","level":3,"score":0.47389712929725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.47175437211990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4226084351539612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3825853765010834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3529238700866699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33849725127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3304746150970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2542378306388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22286131978034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20030412077903748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1495627462863922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.14403724670410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08713331818580627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2019.8902490","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2019 - IEEE 45th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-121648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000520410000009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8622b2f5-3d5d-4299-a01d-56ade0bae5c0","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2988786880.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2988786880.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974338211","https://openalex.org/W2034290464","https://openalex.org/W2093618660","https://openalex.org/W2136651669","https://openalex.org/W2321859177","https://openalex.org/W2782009578","https://openalex.org/W2809568802","https://openalex.org/W2894419025","https://openalex.org/W2908054846","https://openalex.org/W6644065506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355252359","https://openalex.org/W2349209615","https://openalex.org/W2145015417","https://openalex.org/W2071524226","https://openalex.org/W2033276099","https://openalex.org/W2986454729","https://openalex.org/W1991257570","https://openalex.org/W4299434460","https://openalex.org/W2059801219","https://openalex.org/W2559613310"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,25],"digitally":[4],"controlled":[5],"frequency":[6],"generator":[7],"for":[8,16],"dual":[9],"frequency-band":[10],"radar":[11,54,59],"system":[12],"that":[13],"is":[14,22],"optimized":[15],"16":[17],"nm":[18],"FinFET":[19],"CMOS.":[20],"It":[21,82],"based":[23],"on":[24],"21%":[26],"wide":[27],"tuning":[28,109],"range,":[29],"fine-resolution":[30],"DCO":[31,40,65],"with":[32,108],"only":[33],"switchable":[34],"metal":[35,79],"capacitors.":[36],"A":[37],"third-harmonic":[38],"boosting":[39],"simultaneously":[41],"generates":[42],"22.5\u201328":[43],"GHz":[44,49],"and":[45,56,95,102,116],"sufficiently":[46],"strong":[47],"68\u201384":[48],"signals":[50],"to":[51,121],"satisfy":[52],"short-range":[53],"(SRR)":[55],"medium/long":[57],"range":[58],"(M/LRR)":[60],"requirements.":[61],"The":[62,99],"20.2":[63],"mW":[64],"emits":[66],"-97":[67],"dBc/Hz":[68],"at":[69],"1":[70],"MHz":[71],"offset":[72],"from":[73],"77":[74],"GHz,":[75],"while":[76],"fully":[77],"satisfying":[78],"density":[80],"rules.":[81],"occupies":[83],"0.07":[84],"mm":[85],"<sup":[86],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[87,105],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[88],",":[89],"thus":[90],"demonstrating":[91],"both":[92],"43%":[93],"power":[94],"47%":[96],"area":[97],"reductions.":[98],"phase":[100],"noise":[101],"FoM":[103],"<inf":[104],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">T</inf>":[106],"(figure-of-merit":[107],"range)":[110],"are":[111],"improved":[112],"by":[113],"1.8":[114],"dB":[115],"0.2":[117],"dB,":[118],"respectively,":[119],"compared":[120],"state-of-the-art.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}