{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769243529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","title":"OCEAN: An on-chip incremental-learning enhanced processor with gated recurrent neural network accelerators","display_name":"OCEAN: An on-chip incremental-learning enhanced processor with gated recurrent neural network accelerators","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769243529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","mag":"2769243529"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2017 - 43rd IEEE European Solid State Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051205321","display_name":"Chixiao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-4236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chixiao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080389312","display_name":"Hongwei Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-1994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077726795","display_name":"Huwan Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5855-2228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huwan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037971089","display_name":"Haozhe Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6412-3996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haozhe Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018197314","display_name":"Rui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-1466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060804972","display_name":"Peiyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7627-2470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092088","display_name":"Zhejiang Province Institute of Architectural Design and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00f89ms08","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092088","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586250","display_name":"Xiaolang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-3036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092088","display_name":"Zhejiang Province Institute of Architectural Design and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00f89ms08","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092088"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092088","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445359","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3008-8712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350102","display_name":"Mingyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-9752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055362528","display_name":"Hao Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5673-1115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109862286","display_name":"Richard Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard C.-J Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Chip Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051205321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2743,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88193974,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"259","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.831950843334198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7740821242332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fifo","display_name":"FIFO (computing and electronics)","score":0.7023606300354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6453453898429871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6419974565505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5846949815750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.5433353781700134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5330067873001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.5192127823829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.48797672986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4761773943901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43667319416999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4053565561771393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4019473195075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34438830614089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19119936227798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.17079833149909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.1336323320865631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10057100653648376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.831950843334198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7740821242332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777145635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515636","display_name":"FIFO (computing and electronics)","level":2,"score":0.7023606300354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6453453898429871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6419974565505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5846949815750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.5433353781700134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5330067873001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.5192127823829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.48797672986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4761773943901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43667319416999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4053565561771393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4019473195075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34438830614089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19119936227798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.17079833149909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1336323320865631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10057100653648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2017.8094575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2017 - 43rd IEEE European Solid State Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2103753221","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2290132443","https://openalex.org/W2594492285","https://openalex.org/W2963355447","https://openalex.org/W2963893493","https://openalex.org/W3024621361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950475743","https://openalex.org/W4386603768","https://openalex.org/W2886711096","https://openalex.org/W4380078352","https://openalex.org/W3046591097","https://openalex.org/W2590796488","https://openalex.org/W2734358244","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W4285144618","https://openalex.org/W4285104150"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"deep":[1],"learning":[2,21],"processor":[3,62],"with":[4],"8":[5],"gated":[6],"recurrent":[7],"neural":[8],"network":[9],"(RNN)":[10],"accelerators":[11],"is":[12,33,63],"proposed":[13],"in":[14,65],"this":[15],"paper.":[16],"It":[17,78],"features":[18],"on-chip":[19],"incremental":[20,47],"by":[22,58],"numerical":[23],"and":[24,52,85,104],"local":[25],"gradient":[26],"computation":[27],"enhancement.":[28],"Extra":[29],"precision":[30],"of":[31,83,88],"training":[32],"obtained":[34],"without":[35],"extending":[36],"the":[37,44],"bit-width.":[38],"Tri-mode":[39],"weight":[40],"access":[41],"(DMA/FIFO/RAM)":[42],"improves":[43],"throughput":[45,82],"during":[46],"learning.":[48],"The":[49,61],"number":[50],"multipliers":[51],"activation":[53],"function":[54],"engines":[55],"are":[56,93],"reduced":[57],"hardware":[59],"sharing.":[60],"fabricated":[64],"65nm":[66],"CMOS,":[67],"consumes":[68],"155mW":[69],"at":[70,75],"400MHz":[71],"/1.2V":[72],"or":[73],"6.6mW":[74],"20MHz":[76],"/0.8V.":[77],"achieves":[79],"a":[80],"peak":[81],"54.2Kfps":[84],"energy":[86],"efficiency":[87],"0.24\u03bcJ/classification":[89],"on":[90,95],"MNIST.":[91],"Demonstrations":[92],"accomplished":[94],"sequential":[96],"AI":[97],"tasks":[98],"such":[99],"as":[100],"text-based":[101],"motion":[102],"detection":[103],"real-time":[105],"wake-up":[106],"word":[107],"speech":[108],"recognition.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}