{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2567220923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","title":"A digital quadrature modulator with on-chip D/A converter","display_name":"A digital quadrature modulator with on-chip D/A converter","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2567220923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","mag":"2567220923"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2004 - 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03EX705)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020181355","display_name":"J. Sommarek","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Sommarek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049235493","display_name":"Jouko Vankka","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Vankka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085192396","display_name":"Jaakko Ketola","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ketola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057389277","display_name":"Ilari Teikari","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Teikari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066316803","display_name":"K. Halonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4385-9689"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Halonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020181355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35357155,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"85","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6764533519744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/w-cdma","display_name":"W-CDMA","score":0.5817816257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.5468414425849915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.5272102355957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.5078926682472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.46798229217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4677185118198395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4623284339904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.44399166107177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.43397632241249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4316043257713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4017457962036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3274794816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25618815422058105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.24948671460151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24098733067512512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.19214347004890442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.11647787690162659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.08206894993782043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6764533519744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120620775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79686","display_name":"W-CDMA","level":3,"score":0.5817816257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.5468414425849915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.5272102355957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5078926682472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.46798229217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4677185118198395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4623284339904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.44399166107177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.43397632241249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4316043257713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4017457962036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3274794816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25618815422058105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.24948671460151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24098733067512512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.19214347004890442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.11647787690162659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.08206894993782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.2003.1257078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESSCIRC 2004 - 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03EX705)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W605762311","https://openalex.org/W2098418255","https://openalex.org/W2099679337","https://openalex.org/W2101463007","https://openalex.org/W2133759467","https://openalex.org/W2151594129","https://openalex.org/W2152292589","https://openalex.org/W2486366530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2044987316","https://openalex.org/W2237480245","https://openalex.org/W2548689985","https://openalex.org/W2134731179","https://openalex.org/W2079101534","https://openalex.org/W2017077727","https://openalex.org/W2903785904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,44],"digital":[1,29],"quadrature":[2,30],"modulator":[3,71],"is":[4,72],"presented":[5],"that":[6],"can":[7],"replace":[8],"the":[9,76],"first":[10],"analog":[11],"IF":[12],"mixer":[13],"stage":[14],"of":[15,82],"a":[16,57],"base":[17,87],"station":[18],"transmitter.":[19],"It":[20],"interpolates":[21],"orthogonal":[22],"input":[23],"carriers":[24],"by":[25],"16":[26],"and":[27,40,56,65,79,85],"performs":[28],"modulation":[31],"at":[32],"carrier":[33],"frequencies":[34],"f/sub":[35,38,42],"s//4,":[36],"-":[37,41],"s//4":[39],"s//2.":[43],"12-bit":[45],"D/A":[46],"converter":[47],"are":[48],"integrated":[49],"on-chip":[50],"using":[51],"segmented":[52],"current":[53],"source":[54],"architecture":[55],"proper":[58],"switching":[59],"technique":[60],"to":[61,66,74],"reduce":[62],"spurious":[63],"components":[64],"enhance":[67],"dynamic":[68],"performance.":[69],"The":[70],"designed":[73],"fulfil":[75],"spectral,":[77],"phase,":[78],"EVM":[80],"specifications":[81],"GSM,":[83],"EDGE":[84],"WCDMA":[86],"stations.":[88]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}