{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002664136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","title":"Accelerating Line-of-Sight computation with structure guided hybrid approach","display_name":"Accelerating Line-of-Sight computation with structure guided hybrid approach","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002664136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","mag":"2002664136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Signal Processing Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013521606","display_name":"Jiejie Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5436-2221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139270","display_name":"UtopiaCompression (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/051d4q284","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiejie Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113746513","display_name":"Wei Hai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139270","display_name":"UtopiaCompression (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/051d4q284","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Hai","raw_affiliation_strings":["UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080088278","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6149-1630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139270","display_name":"UtopiaCompression (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/051d4q284","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320553","display_name":"Xiaoqing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4256-4771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139270","display_name":"UtopiaCompression (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/051d4q284","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113599675","display_name":"Jacob Yadegar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139270","display_name":"UtopiaCompression (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/051d4q284","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Yadegar","raw_affiliation_strings":["UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, California, USA, 90006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103166220","display_name":"Julio de la Cruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-6930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802705668","display_name":"United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdkx920","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julio de la Cruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["STTC, U.S.Army RDECOM, Orlando, FL, USA","U.S. Army RDECOM/STTC, Orlando, Florida, USA, 32826"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STTC, U.S.Army RDECOM, Orlando, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802705668"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army RDECOM/STTC, Orlando, Florida, USA, 32826","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035464602","display_name":"H Julian David Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802705668","display_name":"United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdkx920","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hectorj Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["STTC, U.S.Army RDECOM, Orlando, FL, USA","U.S. Army RDECOM/STTC, Orlando, Florida, USA, 32826"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STTC, U.S.Army RDECOM, Orlando, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802705668"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army RDECOM/STTC, Orlando, Florida, USA, 32826","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"103","last_page":"106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.891433835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.711834192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6588544845581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.6482172012329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6328010559082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.582451581954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.5412596464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-of-sight","display_name":"Line-of-sight","score":0.4846251904964447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.471155047416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4457542896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3955812454223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.38388848304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34616002440452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13310512900352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.09584909677505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09482690691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09465473890304565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.891433835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.711834192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6588544845581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.6482172012329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6328010559082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.582451581954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5412596464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780928442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553027","display_name":"Line-of-sight","level":2,"score":0.4846251904964447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.471155047416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4457542896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3955812454223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.38388848304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34616002440452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13310512900352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09584909677505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09482690691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09465473890304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/espa.2012.6152456","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Signal Processing Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150239509","https://openalex.org/W1964618404","https://openalex.org/W1991777702","https://openalex.org/W1992446696","https://openalex.org/W1999250663","https://openalex.org/W2060258034","https://openalex.org/W2082950571","https://openalex.org/W2101746450","https://openalex.org/W2120934608","https://openalex.org/W2137706341","https://openalex.org/W2175032334","https://openalex.org/W4246248608","https://openalex.org/W6606097164","https://openalex.org/W6648449508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399671601","https://openalex.org/W1992962589","https://openalex.org/W3032871857","https://openalex.org/W1743191351","https://openalex.org/W3104633800","https://openalex.org/W3023567978","https://openalex.org/W3044778482","https://openalex.org/W3040494141","https://openalex.org/W1977229594","https://openalex.org/W2072400776"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,72],"hybrid":[4,49],"Line-of-Sight":[5],"(LoS)":[6],"computation":[7],"method":[8],"for":[9],"terrains":[10,36],"and":[11,17,37],"terrain":[12,27,78],"surfaces,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"buildings":[16],"trees,":[18],"represented":[19],"using":[20],"different":[21,40],"formats.":[22],"Unlike":[23],"the":[24,33,65],"unified":[25],"triangular":[26],"representation":[28,34],"used":[29],"in":[30,41,70],"3D":[31],"games,":[32],"of":[35,43],"features":[38],"is":[39],"most":[42],"government":[44],"training":[45],"systems.":[46],"The":[47],"proposed":[48],"approach":[50],"improves":[51],"LoS":[52],"performance":[53],"around":[54],"50%":[55],"by":[56,77],"successfully":[57],"reducing":[58],"several":[59],"queries":[60],"into":[61],"one.":[62],"We":[63],"extend":[64],"state-of-the-art":[66],"surface":[67],"area":[68],"heuristic":[69],"constructing":[71],"bounding":[73],"volume":[74],"hierarchy":[75],"guided":[76],"structures.":[79],"Experimental":[80],"results":[81],"are":[82],"tested":[83],"from":[84],"10":[85],"datasets.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}