{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4235912831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583","title":"Middleware design for Physically-Asynchronous Logically-Synchronous (PALS) systems","display_name":"Middleware design for Physically-Asynchronous Logically-Synchronous (PALS) systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4235912831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004634505","display_name":"Abdullah Al-Nayeem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Al-Nayeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102730510","display_name":"Cheolgi Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1293-4455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24456540","display_name":"Korea Aerospace University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jmm0651","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24456540"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheolgi Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24456540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103049674","display_name":"Woochul Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4757-8999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woochul Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101933575","display_name":"Po-Liang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8955-4680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Liang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067032971","display_name":"Lui Sha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5578-0791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lui Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004634505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0874,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82632076,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.8436429500579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8389389514923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.7761650085449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.7395907044410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7039361596107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-oriented-middleware","display_name":"Message oriented middleware","score":0.5322233438491821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5242745876312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.49048277735710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.47280874848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37107497453689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-architecture","display_name":"Software architecture","score":0.19688168168067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18082797527313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1374797821044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.11161965131759644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.8436429500579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8389389514923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.7761650085449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.7395907044410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7039361596107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123640240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092177","display_name":"Message oriented middleware","level":4,"score":0.5322233438491821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5242745876312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.49048277735710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47280874848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37107497453689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.19688168168067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18082797527313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1374797821044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.11161965131759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/emsoft.2013.6658583","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1838389500","https://openalex.org/W1897250020","https://openalex.org/W1964167160","https://openalex.org/W1971253924","https://openalex.org/W1975080742","https://openalex.org/W1980650074","https://openalex.org/W2005216655","https://openalex.org/W2033453156","https://openalex.org/W2042851811","https://openalex.org/W2061748390","https://openalex.org/W2077349223","https://openalex.org/W2095689429","https://openalex.org/W2098931293","https://openalex.org/W2108308294","https://openalex.org/W2116820549","https://openalex.org/W2122753206","https://openalex.org/W2123154790","https://openalex.org/W2131529479","https://openalex.org/W2131950980","https://openalex.org/W2137787952","https://openalex.org/W2140137276","https://openalex.org/W2154561484","https://openalex.org/W2157120264","https://openalex.org/W2169624732","https://openalex.org/W2503643606","https://openalex.org/W6628231788","https://openalex.org/W6631908787","https://openalex.org/W6639811099","https://openalex.org/W6694181913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118085316","https://openalex.org/W398001019","https://openalex.org/W2391901419","https://openalex.org/W2032728801","https://openalex.org/W2651448795","https://openalex.org/W168080122","https://openalex.org/W1607470173","https://openalex.org/W2915136309","https://openalex.org/W2152253641","https://openalex.org/W2085764259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Physically-Asynchronous":[1],"Logically-Synchronous":[2],"(PALS)":[3],"system":[4,45,81],"is":[5,76],"a":[6,16,30,69,107],"recently":[7],"proposed":[8],"architectural":[9],"pattern":[10],"for":[11,21,72,90,97,112],"cyber-physical":[12],"systems.":[13],"It":[14],"guarantees":[15,50],"logically":[17],"synchronous":[18],"design":[19,71],"abstraction":[20],"real-time":[22],"distributed":[23,53,62],"computations.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26,73,113],"work,":[27],"we":[28],"develop":[29],"new":[31],"middleware,":[32],"called":[33],"PALSware,":[34],"to":[35],"support":[36],"an":[37,98],"efficient":[38],"and":[39,46,64,83,102],"robust":[40],"implementation":[41],"of":[42],"the":[43,95,104],"PALS":[44],"its":[47],"extensions.":[48],"PALSware":[49],"consistency":[51,105],"in":[52,79,106],"applications":[54],"by":[55],"eliminating":[56],"any":[57],"asynchronous":[58],"interactions":[59],"resulting":[60],"from":[61],"clocks":[63],"node":[65],"failures.":[66],"We":[67,93],"present":[68],"layered":[70],"middle-ware":[74],"that":[75],"both":[77],"reusable":[78],"different":[80],"architectures":[82],"can":[84],"be":[85],"extended":[86],"with":[87],"architecture-specific":[88],"solutions":[89],"fault":[91,108],"management.":[92],"demonstrate":[94],"middleware":[96],"academic":[99],"control":[100],"testbed":[101],"show":[103],"injection":[109],"framework":[110],"designed":[111],"middleware.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-07T06:11:34.122080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
