{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405488749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","title":"Artificial touch feedback using microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex to convey grip force from a robotic hand","display_name":"Artificial touch feedback using microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex to convey grip force from a robotic hand","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405488749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40039504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048741773","display_name":"Luke E. Osborn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2985-6294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luke E. Osborn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016638389","display_name":"Breanne Christie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-0859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Breanne Christie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027465876","display_name":"David P. McMullen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-9068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. McMullen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institutes of Health,National Institute of Mental Health"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institutes of Health,National Institute of Mental Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031383383","display_name":"Tessy M. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6408-8799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tessy M. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University,Department of Biomedical Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University,Department of Biomedical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052609398","display_name":"Margaret C. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5435-8989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret C. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109607322","display_name":"Robert W. Nickl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert W. Nickl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000942189","display_name":"Ambarish S. Pawar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-0837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ambarish S. Pawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069909173","display_name":"Brock A. Wester","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1500-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brock A. Wester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040574158","display_name":"Gabriela Cantarero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-1743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriela L. Cantarero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029383812","display_name":"Pablo Celnik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo A. Celnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052150651","display_name":"Nathan E. Crone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7950-2617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan E. Crone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine DPM, TMT, ASP, and GLC,Department of Neurology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine DPM, TMT, ASP, and GLC,Department of Neurology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032738214","display_name":"Matthew S. Fifer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3425-7552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew S. Fifer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046301859","display_name":"Francesco V. Tenore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-9643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco V. Tenore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048741773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.621638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2024","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstimulation","display_name":"Microstimulation","score":0.9086451530456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/somatosensory-system","display_name":"Somatosensory system","score":0.8607580661773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.5414254069328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5132241249084473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprosthetics","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","score":0.48284202814102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensorimotor-cortex","display_name":"Sensorimotor cortex","score":0.4311991333961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2928681969642639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.27557632327079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.2656625509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.11668896675109863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778970358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6840343","display_name":"Microstimulation","level":3,"score":0.9086451530456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172497186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q328835","display_name":"Somatosensory system","level":2,"score":0.8607580661773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.5414254069328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5132241249084473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197525751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431093","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","level":2,"score":0.48284202814102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987634937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712836","display_name":"Sensorimotor cortex","level":2,"score":0.4311991333961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2928681969642639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.27557632327079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2656625509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.11668896675109863}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014110","descriptor_name":"Touch","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018737","descriptor_name":"Hand Strength","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018737","descriptor_name":"Hand Strength","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018737","descriptor_name":"Hand Strength","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056228","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Sensory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc53108.2024.10782061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:40039504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40039504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798055435","https://openalex.org/W2896532094","https://openalex.org/W2915043420","https://openalex.org/W2990108863","https://openalex.org/W3033306221","https://openalex.org/W3138552619","https://openalex.org/W3161143221","https://openalex.org/W3167840185","https://openalex.org/W3183555457","https://openalex.org/W4200193730","https://openalex.org/W4200429889","https://openalex.org/W4200485037","https://openalex.org/W4281750772","https://openalex.org/W4283640932","https://openalex.org/W4291016493","https://openalex.org/W4321326665","https://openalex.org/W4377089470","https://openalex.org/W4388571190","https://openalex.org/W4388826070","https://openalex.org/W6850094763"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406485110","https://openalex.org/W2560242133","https://openalex.org/W2531012506","https://openalex.org/W3189390260","https://openalex.org/W1667537225","https://openalex.org/W3018328566","https://openalex.org/W2078379591","https://openalex.org/W4395962125","https://openalex.org/W2527075691","https://openalex.org/W2099467011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Invasive":[0],"brain-machine":[1],"interfaces":[2],"can":[3,20,43,159],"help":[4,26],"restore":[5],"function":[6],"through":[7,46,182],"the":[8,14,37,70,79,97,122,157],"control":[9,177],"of":[10,16,23,39,83,111,124,178],"external":[11],"devices":[12],"while":[13],"addition":[15],"intracortical":[17],"microstimulation":[18],"(ICMS)":[19],"elicit":[21],"sensations":[22,155],"touch":[24,95,142,154],"and":[25,61,105,113,170],"provide":[27,74,163],"further":[28],"benefits":[29],"for":[30,166],"individuals":[31],"living":[32],"with":[33,57,85,88,108,121,140],"sensorimotor":[34],"deficits.":[35],"However,":[36],"extent":[38],"tactile":[40],"information":[41],"that":[42,152],"be":[44,160],"conveyed":[45],"ICMS":[47,68],"has":[48],"not":[49],"been":[50],"fully":[51],"explored.":[52],"In":[53,116],"a":[54,89,117,126,179,183],"human":[55],"participant":[56,98],"spinal":[58],"cord":[59],"injury":[60],"chronically":[62],"implanted":[63],"microelectrode":[64],"arrays,":[65],"we":[66],"used":[67,161],"to":[69,73,101,145,156,162],"somatosensory":[71],"cortex":[72],"grip":[75],"force":[76],"feedback":[77,143,165],"in":[78],"hands":[80,158],"during":[81,175],"grasping":[82,119,125,174],"objects":[84,107,132],"varying":[86],"stiffness":[87],"robotic":[90,180],"arm.":[91],"Using":[92],"only":[93,137],"ICMS-evoked":[94,153],"sensations,":[96],"was":[99],"able":[100],"identify":[102],"between":[103],"two":[104],"three":[106],"an":[109],"accuracy":[110],"92%":[112],"67%,":[114],"respectively.":[115],"compliant":[118],"task":[120],"goal":[123],"delicate":[127],"object":[128,168],"without":[129],"crushing":[130],"it,":[131],"were":[133],"deformed":[134],"on":[135],"average":[136],"2.8":[138],"mm":[139,147],"ICMS-based":[141],"compared":[144],"8.7":[146],"without.":[148],"These":[149],"results":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"force-based":[164],"perceiving":[167],"properties":[169],"enable":[171],"more":[172],"precise":[173],"closed-loop":[176],"limb":[181],"cortical":[184],"interface.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}