{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294974940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","title":"Detection of Retinal Abnormalities in OCT Images Using Wavelet Scattering Network","display_name":"Detection of Retinal Abnormalities in OCT Images Using Wavelet Scattering Network","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294974940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/135522","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055569621","display_name":"Zahra Baharlouei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4124-2180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Baharlouei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center,Isfahan,Iran","Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center,Isfahan,Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052490368","display_name":"Hossein Rabbani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0551-3636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Rabbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center,Isfahan,Iran","Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center,Isfahan,Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059739223","display_name":"Gerlind Plonka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-0573"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerlind Plonka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gerlind Plonka is with Institute for Numerical and Applied Mathematics, Georg-August-University of G&#x00F6;ttingen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gerlind Plonka is with Institute for Numerical and Applied Mathematics, Georg-August-University of G&#x00F6;ttingen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87645479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":null,"first_page":"3862","last_page":"3865"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12599","display_name":"Retinal and Optic Conditions","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6979373693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6636014580726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.6582115292549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.6306266784667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.6193260550498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5495898723602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.513237476348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.4708615839481354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4155368208885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4133647680282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.14192408323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.13905417919158936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6979373693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6636014580726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.6582115292549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.6306266784667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.6193260550498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5495898723602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.513237476348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.4708615839481354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4155368208885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4133647680282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.14192408323287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13905417919158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012167","descriptor_name":"Retinal Perforations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012167","descriptor_name":"Retinal Perforations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012167","descriptor_name":"Retinal Perforations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056833","descriptor_name":"Central Serous Chorioretinopathy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056833","descriptor_name":"Central Serous Chorioretinopathy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056833","descriptor_name":"Central Serous Chorioretinopathy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:36086219","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/135522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/135522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/135522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/135522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401634","display_name":"GoeScholar  The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen (Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210122495","host_organization_name":"Asklepios Klinik St. Georg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2267771183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"198095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322245","funder_display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308269","display_name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/012kf4317"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322245","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994906459","https://openalex.org/W2003289302","https://openalex.org/W2071110690","https://openalex.org/W2072072671","https://openalex.org/W2211066248","https://openalex.org/W2344288453","https://openalex.org/W2404938947","https://openalex.org/W2478977424","https://openalex.org/W2753056288","https://openalex.org/W2767783253","https://openalex.org/W2769254490","https://openalex.org/W2773475231","https://openalex.org/W2792680145","https://openalex.org/W2793214283","https://openalex.org/W2903896358","https://openalex.org/W2921275416","https://openalex.org/W2946303964","https://openalex.org/W2948778906","https://openalex.org/W2996651271","https://openalex.org/W2998110586","https://openalex.org/W3005147719","https://openalex.org/W3017213724","https://openalex.org/W3018822903","https://openalex.org/W3025847621","https://openalex.org/W3036616390","https://openalex.org/W3084156874","https://openalex.org/W3196430628","https://openalex.org/W3197894726","https://openalex.org/W3215326316","https://openalex.org/W3216570231","https://openalex.org/W6713805741","https://openalex.org/W6756908784","https://openalex.org/W6782915400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2323668004","https://openalex.org/W2348498086","https://openalex.org/W3093461874","https://openalex.org/W2063232638","https://openalex.org/W1000914229","https://openalex.org/W3021342607","https://openalex.org/W2488331324","https://openalex.org/W970126872","https://openalex.org/W127177386","https://openalex.org/W2077021924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diagnosis":[0,25],"retinal":[1,231],"abnormalities":[2],"in":[3,11,104,151,168],"Optical":[4],"Coherence":[5],"Tomography":[6],"(OCT)":[7],"images":[8,171],"assist":[9],"ophthalmologist":[10],"the":[12,105,122,145,164,187,197],"early":[13],"detection":[14],"and":[15,32,51,66,88,97,113,125,149,155,180,208,211],"treatment":[16],"of":[17,101,107,141,147,166,175,186,200,250],"patients.":[18],"To":[19],"do":[20],"this,":[21],"different":[22],"Computer":[23],"Aided":[24],"(CAD)":[26],"methods":[27,189],"based":[28,235],"on":[29,236],"machine":[30],"learning":[31,34],"deep":[33],"algorithms":[35],"have":[36],"been":[37],"proposed.":[38],"In":[39,222],"this":[40,108,142,223],"paper,":[41],"wavelet":[42,83,237],"scattering":[43,71,238],"network":[44,72,77,109,239],"is":[45,73,79,206,240],"used":[46],"to":[47,116,132,172,214],"identify":[48],"normal":[49,158],"retina":[50,154],"four":[52],"pathologies":[53],"namely,":[54],"Central":[55],"Serous":[56],"Retinopathy":[57,68],"(CSR),":[58],"Macular":[59,63],"Hole":[60],"(MH),":[61],"Age-related":[62],"Degeneration":[64],"(AMD)":[65],"Diabetic":[67],"(DR).":[69],"Wavelet":[70],"a":[74,133,225,247],"particular":[75],"convolutional":[76],"which":[78,119,182,242],"formed":[80],"from":[81,157],"cascading":[82],"transform":[84,92],"with":[85,190],"nonlinear":[86],"modulus":[87],"averaging":[89],"operators.":[90],"This":[91],"generates":[93],"sparse,":[94],"translation":[95],"invariant":[96],"deformation":[98],"stable":[99],"representations":[100],"signals.":[102],"Filters":[103],"layers":[106],"are":[110,130],"predefined":[111],"wavelets":[112],"not":[114],"need":[115],"be":[117,244],"learned":[118,245],"causes":[120],"decreasing":[121],"processing":[123],"time":[124,209],"complexity.":[126,193],"The":[127,139],"extracted":[128],"features":[129],"fed":[131],"Principal":[134],"Component":[135],"Analysis":[136],"(PCA)":[137],"classifier.":[138],"results":[140],"research":[143],"show":[144],"accuracy":[146,165],"97.4%":[148],"100%":[150],"diagnosis":[152],"abnormal":[153],"DR":[156,181],"ones,":[159],"respectively.":[160],"We":[161],"also":[162],"achieved":[163],"84.2%":[167],"classifying":[169],"OCT":[170,202,232],"five":[173],"classes":[174],"normal,":[176],"CSR,":[177],"MH,":[178],"AMD":[179],"outperforms":[183],"other":[184],"state":[185],"art":[188],"high":[191],"computational":[192],"Clinical":[194],"Relevance-":[195],"Clinically,":[196],"manually":[198],"checking":[199],"each":[201],"B-scan":[203],"by":[204,246],"ophthalmologists":[205],"tedious":[207],"consuming":[210],"may":[212],"lead":[213],"an":[215],"erroneous":[216],"decision":[217],"specially":[218],"for":[219,230],"multiclass":[220],"problems.":[221],"study,":[224],"low":[226],"complexity":[227],"CAD":[228],"system":[229],"image":[233],"classification":[234],"introduced":[241],"can":[243],"small":[248],"number":[249],"data.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
