{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294975397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","title":"Estimation of Characteristic Impedance using Multi-Gaussian Modelled Flow Velocity Waveform: A Virtual Subjects Study","display_name":"Estimation of Characteristic Impedance using Multi-Gaussian Modelled Flow Velocity Waveform: A Virtual Subjects Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294975397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019952919","display_name":"Rahul Manoj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5017-5018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Manoj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Madras,Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras,Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110631831","display_name":"V Raj Kiran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Raj Kiran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Madras,Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras,Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076853968","display_name":"P M Nabeel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102197","display_name":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/017mw4x28","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P M Nabeel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre (HTIC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras Research Park,Chennai,India,600113"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre (HTIC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras Research Park,Chennai,India,600113","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197","https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056763944","display_name":"Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-9147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102197","display_name":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/017mw4x28","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre,faculty of Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre,faculty of Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197","https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020295407","display_name":"Jayaraj Joseph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-9099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102197","display_name":"Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/017mw4x28","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayaraj Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre,faculty of Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre,faculty of Electrical Engineering Department,Chennai,India,600036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102197","https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019952919"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54222973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":null,"first_page":"2274","last_page":"2277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.8353475332260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsatile-flow","display_name":"Pulsatile flow","score":0.7036409378051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-velocity","display_name":"Flow velocity","score":0.550169825553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5024919509887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4873722195625305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-wave-velocity","display_name":"Pulse wave velocity","score":0.4508969783782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-flow","display_name":"Blood flow","score":0.44471126794815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.3978644013404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3611898124217987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35432225465774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.18674099445343018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15600118041038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.1443612277507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.08071208000183105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.8353475332260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79191276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7259620","display_name":"Pulsatile flow","level":2,"score":0.7036409378051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166693061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462119","display_name":"Flow velocity","level":3,"score":0.550169825553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5024919509887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4873722195625305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778319312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118022","display_name":"Pulse wave velocity","level":3,"score":0.4508969783782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158846371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Blood flow","level":2,"score":0.44471126794815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3978644013404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3611898124217987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35432225465774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.18674099445343018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15600118041038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.1443612277507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08071208000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001011","descriptor_name":"Aorta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001011","descriptor_name":"Aorta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001011","descriptor_name":"Aorta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001783","descriptor_name":"Blood Flow Velocity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001783","descriptor_name":"Blood Flow Velocity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001783","descriptor_name":"Blood Flow Velocity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002339","descriptor_name":"Carotid Arteries","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871684","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607706","display_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:36086210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36086210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980635958","https://openalex.org/W1985023991","https://openalex.org/W2024379532","https://openalex.org/W2025012812","https://openalex.org/W2046361856","https://openalex.org/W2055473405","https://openalex.org/W2060089340","https://openalex.org/W2081676416","https://openalex.org/W2105477676","https://openalex.org/W2124313450","https://openalex.org/W2163243062","https://openalex.org/W2511765933","https://openalex.org/W2532338198","https://openalex.org/W2739371599","https://openalex.org/W2753785558","https://openalex.org/W2770619866","https://openalex.org/W2885127939","https://openalex.org/W2888721953","https://openalex.org/W2913541839","https://openalex.org/W2969170900","https://openalex.org/W2979309842","https://openalex.org/W3005838656","https://openalex.org/W4200478627","https://openalex.org/W4200503898","https://openalex.org/W4200590671","https://openalex.org/W4200596950","https://openalex.org/W6759055425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070116989","https://openalex.org/W3129813573","https://openalex.org/W1982554561","https://openalex.org/W2440434137","https://openalex.org/W2071151063","https://openalex.org/W2068105021","https://openalex.org/W1969052967","https://openalex.org/W2770290224","https://openalex.org/W4233036416","https://openalex.org/W2017912704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Characteristic":[0],"impedance":[1,251],"(Zc)":[2],"of":[3,17,22,29,60,141,149,158,229,255],"the":[4,8,44,77,127,154,200,214,230,237,253],"blood":[5,13],"vessel":[6],"relates":[7],"pulsatile":[9,12],"pressure":[10,46,61],"to":[11,53,90,102,143,248],"flow":[14,48,63,71,87,118,133,184,192,222,231,257],"velocity":[15,33,49,64,72,88,119,134,185,193,223,232,258],"devoid":[16],"any":[18],"wave":[19,32,38],"reflections.":[20],"Estimation":[21],"Z<sub>C</sub>":[23,92],"is":[24,100,111,225],"useful":[25],"for":[26,36,76,121,126,138,178,197,213,234],"indirect":[27],"evaluation":[28],"local":[30],"pulse":[31,265],"and":[34,47,62,167,211],"crucial":[35],"solving":[37],"separation":[39],"analysis":[40],"(WSA)":[41],"which":[42,56,99],"separates":[43],"forward-backward":[45],"waveforms.":[50],"As":[51],"opposed":[52],"conventional":[54],"WSA,":[55],"requires":[57,262],"simultaneous":[58],"measurement":[59,254],"waveform,":[65],"simplified":[66],"WSA":[67,235],"relies":[68],"on":[69],"modelled":[70,86,132,183,221],"waveforms,":[73],"mainly":[74],"introduced":[75],"aorta.":[78],"This":[79,242],"work":[80],"uses":[81],"a":[82,95,139,146,226,245,263],"multi-Gaussian":[83],"decomposition":[84],"(MGD)":[85],"waveform":[89,120,135,186,224,266],"estimate":[91],"by":[93],"employing":[94],"frequency":[96],"domain":[97],"analysis,":[98],"applicable":[101],"other":[103],"arteries":[104],"such":[105],"as":[106],"carotid.":[107],"Thus":[108],"obtained":[109,180,189],"ZC":[110,137,160,179,188,218],"compared":[112],"with":[113,145,187,205],"Zc":[114],"estimated":[115,136],"from":[116,181,190,219],"true":[117],"healthy":[122],"(virtual)":[123],"subjects":[124],"taken":[125],"carotid":[128,238],"artery.":[129,239],"The":[130,151,195,260],"MGD":[131,182,220],"range":[140],"4.98":[142],"34.79":[144],"group":[147,155],"average":[148,156],"16.43\u00b10.10.":[150],"difference":[152],"between":[153,199,209],"values":[157],"both":[159],"was":[161,176,203],"only":[162],"4.72%.":[163],"A":[164],"statistically":[165],"significant":[166],"strong":[168],"correlation":[169],"(r":[170],"=":[171],"0.708,":[172],"p":[173],"<":[174],"0.0001)":[175],"observed":[177],"actual":[191,256],"waveform.":[194,259],"bias":[196],"ZC1":[198],"two":[201],"methods":[202],"0.74,":[204],"confidence":[206],"intervals":[207],"(CIs)":[208],"7.44":[210],"-5.96":[212],"Bland-Altman":[215],"analysis.":[216],"Therefore,":[217],"potential":[227],"surrogate":[228],"model":[233],"at":[236],"Clinical":[240],"Relevance-":[241],"study":[243],"provides":[244],"new":[246],"method":[247,261],"derive":[249],"characteristic":[250],"without":[252],"single":[264],"(pressure":[267],"or":[268],"diameter).":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}