{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200157821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","title":"Nonlinear registration as an effective preprocessing technique for Deep learning based classification of disease","display_name":"Nonlinear registration as an effective preprocessing technique for Deep learning based classification of disease","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200157821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34891933"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9629355/9629471/09631044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9629355/9629471/09631044.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daiki Fujibayashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daiki Fujibayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hiromasa Sakaguchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiromasa Sakaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ilya Ardakani","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilya Ardakani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Researcher and Machine Learning Engineer, Splink,Inc., Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Akihiro Okuno","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akihiro Okuno","raw_affiliation_strings":["CTO, Splink,Inc., Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CTO, Splink,Inc., Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5642,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76129032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"521","issue":null,"first_page":"3245","last_page":"3250"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.21279999613761902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.21279999613761902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.1932000070810318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.11959999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.8881000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affine-transformation","display_name":"Affine transformation","score":0.7498000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.7232999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5006999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4505999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.43459999561309814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.8881000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92757383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382497","display_name":"Affine transformation","level":2,"score":0.7498000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.7232999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5827999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5006999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4505999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166704113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861092","display_name":"Image registration","level":3,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10551718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227332","display_name":"Data pre-processing","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32359999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9629355/9629471/09631044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34891933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34891933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9629355/9629471/09631044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200157821.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200157821.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176043382","https://openalex.org/W1568194840","https://openalex.org/W2041677347","https://openalex.org/W2047686131","https://openalex.org/W2066470779","https://openalex.org/W2117340355","https://openalex.org/W2136145485","https://openalex.org/W2143826137","https://openalex.org/W2155298532","https://openalex.org/W2156220037","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2533800772","https://openalex.org/W2607941059","https://openalex.org/W2732026016","https://openalex.org/W2744043610","https://openalex.org/W2765366332","https://openalex.org/W2772551569","https://openalex.org/W2791282053","https://openalex.org/W2800082313","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2995495466","https://openalex.org/W3012412627","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"number":[1,53],"of":[2,21,42,54,61,75,106,148],"machine":[3],"learning":[4,12],"(ML),":[5],"and":[6,73,131],"particularly":[7],"in":[8,39,100,109],"recent":[9],"years,":[10],"deep":[11],"(DL)":[13],"approaches":[14,122],"have":[15],"been":[16],"proposed":[17],"for":[18,123,195],"automatic":[19],"classification":[20,126,166,199],"Alzheimer's":[22],"disease":[23],"(AD)":[24],"using":[25,137],"brain":[26],"structural":[27],"magnetic":[28],"resonance":[29],"imaging":[30],"(MRI)":[31],"data.":[32,112],"However,":[33],"the":[34,40,71,76,104,110,146,149,158,165],"data":[35],"available":[36],"are":[37],"limited":[38,202],"case":[41],"this":[43,79,115],"specific":[44],"disease.":[45],"Training":[46],"a":[47,51,58,84,95,191],"DL":[48],"model":[49],"with":[50,169],"large":[52],"feature":[55],"parameters":[56],"on":[57,201],"small":[59],"dataset":[60],"MRI":[62],"scans":[63],"will":[64],"likely":[65],"lead":[66],"to":[67,91,176],"overfitting.":[68],"Overfitting":[69],"reduces":[70],"generality":[72],"efficiency":[74],"model.":[77],"In":[78,181],"study,":[80],"we":[81,117],"show":[82,144],"that":[83,145,187],"traditional":[85],"nonlinear":[86,133,150,188],"transformation":[87,189],"from":[88,164],"native":[89],"space":[90],"template":[92],"space,":[93],"as":[94],"preprocessing":[96,193],"stage,":[97],"is":[98,154,173,190],"effective":[99],"reducing":[101],"overfitting":[102],"through":[103],"reduction":[105],"spatial":[107],"variations":[108],"input":[111],"To":[113],"evaluate":[114],"effectiveness,":[116],"compare":[118],"two":[119],"different":[120],"pre-processing":[121],"DL-based":[124,197],"AD":[125,198],"task:":[127],"(1)":[128],"affine":[129,159,179],"registration":[130,136,151,160],"(2)":[132],"diffeomorphic":[134],"anatomical":[135],"exponentiated":[138],"Lie":[139],"algebra":[140],"(DARTEL).":[141],"The":[142],"results":[143,167,185],"accuracy":[147],"based":[152,161],"approach":[153],"much":[155],"higher":[156],"than":[157,178],"approach.":[162],"Furthermore,":[163],"obtained":[168],"noisy":[170],"images,":[171],"DARTEL":[172],"less":[174],"susceptible":[175],"noise":[177],"registration.":[180],"summary,":[182],"our":[183],"experimental":[184],"suggest":[186],"preferable":[192],"step":[194],"training":[196],"models":[200],"size":[203],"datasets.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}