{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200218081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","title":"Electrode Dropout Compensation in Visual Prostheses: An Optimal Object Placement Approach","display_name":"Electrode Dropout Compensation in Visual Prostheses: An Optimal Object Placement Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200218081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Reham H. Elnabawy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reham H. Elnabawy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Media Engineering and Technology Department, Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Media Engineering and Technology Department, Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Slim Abdennadher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slim Abdennadher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Olaf Hellwich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olaf Hellwich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Remote Sensing Department, Faculty of Technical Information and Microelectronics, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Remote Sensing Department, Faculty of Technical Information and Microelectronics, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Seif Eldawlatly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seif Eldawlatly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, and the Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, and the Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368","https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9843,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68548387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"6515","last_page":"6518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9456999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9456999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.02459999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.8162000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphene","display_name":"Phosphene","score":0.7975000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5274999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.5259000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.44839999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4262000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.39250001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.8162000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154145042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072103","display_name":"Phosphene","level":4,"score":0.7975000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7265999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.572700023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5274999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.5259000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44839999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4262000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79106606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735197","display_name":"Afterimage","level":3,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160086991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5939193","display_name":"Human visual system model","level":3,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010719","descriptor_name":"Phosphenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010719","descriptor_name":"Phosphenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010719","descriptor_name":"Phosphenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014785","descriptor_name":"Vision, Ocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014785","descriptor_name":"Vision, Ocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014785","descriptor_name":"Vision, Ocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34892602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1778783464","https://openalex.org/W1989630635","https://openalex.org/W1992622399","https://openalex.org/W2022449896","https://openalex.org/W2027547973","https://openalex.org/W2034121241","https://openalex.org/W2067317304","https://openalex.org/W2134092095","https://openalex.org/W2170773804","https://openalex.org/W2602089781","https://openalex.org/W2606438808","https://openalex.org/W2808485090","https://openalex.org/W3003581481","https://openalex.org/W3008973362","https://openalex.org/W3088111927"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visual":[0],"prostheses":[1,35],"provide":[2],"promising":[3],"solution":[4],"to":[5,36,83,104,149],"the":[6,18,28,48,79,87,92,106,128,134,140,145,151,160,167],"blind":[7],"through":[8],"partial":[9],"restoration":[10],"of":[11,17,30,42,50,72,95,108,115,162,169],"their":[12],"vision":[13],"via":[14],"electrical":[15],"stimulation":[16],"visual":[19,34],"system.":[20],"However,":[21],"there":[22],"are":[23,81],"some":[24,51],"challenges":[25,44],"that":[26,90],"hinder":[27],"ability":[29],"subjects":[31],"implanted":[32],"with":[33],"correctly":[37],"identify":[38],"an":[39],"object.":[40],"One":[41],"these":[43],"is":[45],"electrode":[46],"dropout;":[47],"malfunction":[49],"electrodes":[52],"resulting":[53],"in":[54,127,133,139,165,171],"consistently":[55],"dark":[56],"phosphenes.":[57],"In":[58,74],"this":[59,75],"paper,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"a":[63],"dropout":[64,113,154,163],"handling":[65,164],"algorithm":[66],"for":[67],"better":[68],"and":[69,118,137],"faster":[70],"identification":[71],"objects.":[73],"algorithm,":[76],"phosphenes":[77],"representing":[78],"object":[80,129],"translated":[82],"another":[84],"location":[85],"within":[86],"same":[88],"image":[89],"has":[91],"minimum":[93],"number":[94],"dropouts.":[96],"Using":[97],"simulated":[98],"prosthetic":[99,172],"vision,":[100],"experiments":[101],"were":[102,120],"conducted":[103],"test":[105],"efficacy":[107],"our":[109],"proposed":[110,146],"algorithm.":[111],"Electrode":[112],"rates":[114],"10%,":[116],"20%":[117],"30%":[119],"examined.":[121],"Our":[122],"results":[123,158],"demonstrate":[124,159],"significant":[125],"increase":[126,138],"recognition":[130,135,141],"accuracy,":[131],"reduction":[132],"time":[136],"confidence":[142],"level":[143],"using":[144],"approach":[147],"compared":[148],"presenting":[150],"images":[152,170],"without":[153],"handling.Clinical":[155],"Relevance-":[156],"These":[157],"utility":[161],"enhancing":[166],"perception":[168],"vision.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}