{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200403034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","title":"Sputtered Ruthenium Oxide Neural Stimulation Electrodes","display_name":"Sputtered Ruthenium Oxide Neural Stimulation Electrodes","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200403034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bitan Chakraborty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bitan Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alexandra Joshi-Imre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra Joshi-Imre","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Stuart F. Cogan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stuart F. Cogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4921,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54032258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"6655","last_page":"6658"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.6144999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.6144999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.1525000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.048500001430511475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectrode","display_name":"Microelectrode","score":0.8973000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ruthenium-oxide","display_name":"Ruthenium oxide","score":0.862500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.6362000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ruthenium","display_name":"Ruthenium","score":0.6304000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxide","display_name":"Oxide","score":0.569100022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen","display_name":"Oxygen","score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.3603000044822693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111670793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16979465","display_name":"Microelectrode","level":3,"score":0.8973000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777129649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604781","display_name":"Ruthenium oxide","level":4,"score":0.862500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6596999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.6362000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555196967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1086","display_name":"Ruthenium","level":3,"score":0.6304000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.569100022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22423302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898444","display_name":"Sputtering","level":3,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53392680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163647","display_name":"Constant current","level":3,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61427134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847609","display_name":"Sputter deposition","level":4,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777132085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103","display_name":"Phosphate","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249","display_name":"Time constant","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64297162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1987070","display_name":"Deposition (geology)","level":3,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96616956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285100","display_name":"Phosphate buffered saline","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007495","descriptor_name":"Iridium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007495","descriptor_name":"Iridium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007495","descriptor_name":"Iridium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012428","descriptor_name":"Ruthenium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012428","descriptor_name":"Ruthenium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012428","descriptor_name":"Ruthenium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34892634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101656718","https://openalex.org/W2108755301","https://openalex.org/W2117874209","https://openalex.org/W2135112969","https://openalex.org/W2533621461","https://openalex.org/W2988056603","https://openalex.org/W3087499691","https://openalex.org/W6798076715"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"investigated":[2],"the":[3,34,45,63,75],"charge-injection":[4,39],"properties":[5],"of":[6,65,88],"sputtered":[7,35,66],"ruthenium":[8],"oxide":[9],"(RuO<sub>x</sub>)":[10],"coatings":[11,77],"deposited":[12],"on":[13],"planar":[14],"microelectrode":[15],"arrays.":[16],"Substantial":[17],"charge":[18],"was":[19,60],"found":[20,79],"to":[21,48,80,86],"be":[22,81],"available":[23],"for":[24,33,84],"injection":[25],"within":[26],"-0.6/0.6":[27],"V":[28,50],"vs":[29,51],"Ag|AgCl":[30],"potential":[31,46],"limits":[32,47],"RuO<sub>x</sub>":[36,67,76],"film.":[37],"The":[38],"capacity":[40],"increased":[41],"further":[42],"upon":[43],"extending":[44],"-0.7/0.7":[49],"Ag|AgCl.":[52],"No":[53],"oxygen":[54],"reduction,":[55],"an":[56],"unwanted":[57],"side":[58],"reaction,":[59],"observed":[61],"during":[62],"pulsing":[64,92],"microelectrodes":[68],"in":[69,96],"phosphate":[70],"buffered":[71],"saline":[72],"solution.":[73],"Additionally,":[74],"were":[78],"electrochemically":[82],"stable":[83],"up":[85],"1-billion-cycles":[87],"constant":[89],"current":[90],"stimulation":[91],"at":[93,98],"8":[94],"nC/phase":[95],"model-ISF":[97],"37\u00b0":[99],"C.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}