{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200068023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","title":"Resource Constrained CVD Classification Using Single Lead ECG On Wearable and Implantable Devices","display_name":"Resource Constrained CVD Classification Using Single Lead ECG On Wearable and Implantable Devices","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200068023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34891432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068538481","display_name":"Arijit Ukil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-6719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arijit Ukil","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037806789","display_name":"Ishan Sahu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-886X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ishan Sahu","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020310463","display_name":"Angshul Majumdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-3000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angshul Majumdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080896005","display_name":"Sai Chander Racha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Chander Racha","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040633136","display_name":"Gitesh Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0457-3394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gitesh Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031860703","display_name":"Anirban Dutta Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5005-8716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anirban Dutta Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018662978","display_name":"Sundeep Khandelwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-3187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sundeep Khandelwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013973948","display_name":"Avik Ghose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-7082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avik Ghose","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072563444","display_name":"Arpan Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9101-8051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55215948","display_name":"Tata Consultancy Services (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9n8m42","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpan Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["TATA Consultancy Services, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TATA Consultancy Services, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55215948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4384,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97686117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"886","last_page":"889"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6946818828582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6759620308876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5326860547065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-footprint","display_name":"Memory footprint","score":0.5293667316436768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.4936738908290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4761802554130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4572553038597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4377237558364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41078007221221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3323753774166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3286253809928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3055669665336609}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6946818828582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6759620308876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5326860547065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74912251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815727","display_name":"Memory footprint","level":2,"score":0.5293667316436768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.4936738908290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4761802554130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4572553038597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4377237558364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41078007221221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3323753774166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3286253809928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3055669665336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044962","descriptor_name":"Data Compression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34891432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34891432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1622883104","https://openalex.org/W1974283736","https://openalex.org/W2132929952","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2540325861","https://openalex.org/W2771329968","https://openalex.org/W2805227459","https://openalex.org/W2891366979","https://openalex.org/W2977251023","https://openalex.org/W2977410620","https://openalex.org/W3000250023","https://openalex.org/W3200688163","https://openalex.org/W6636350987","https://openalex.org/W6643968202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2095299560","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644","https://openalex.org/W4312415459","https://openalex.org/W3083225868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electrocardiogram":[0],"(ECG)":[1],"is":[2,115],"one":[3],"of":[4,19,59,140,194],"the":[5,16,73,86,97,108,138,189],"fundamental":[6],"markers":[7],"to":[8,15,37,117,135,137],"detect":[9,38],"different":[10,39],"cardiovascular":[11],"diseases":[12],"(CVDs).":[13],"Owing":[14],"widespread":[17],"availability":[18,143],"ECG":[20,29,32,69,128,195],"sensors":[21],"(single":[22],"lead)":[23],"as":[24,26],"well":[25],"smartwatches":[27],"with":[28,62,167],"recording":[30],"capability,":[31],"classification":[33],"using":[34,122],"wearable":[35,93,148],"devices":[36,94,205],"CVDs":[40,67],"has":[41,130],"become":[42],"a":[43,47,56,118],"basic":[44],"requirement":[45,139],"for":[46,66,85,92,144],"smart":[48],"healthcare":[49],"ecosystem.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"novel":[57],"method":[58],"model":[60,81,104,114,121,145,152,166,192],"compression":[61,105,133],"robust":[63],"detection":[64],"capability":[65],"from":[68],"signals":[70],"such":[71],"that":[72,188],"sophisticated":[74],"and":[75,182],"effective":[76],"baseline":[77,109],"deep":[78,111],"neural":[79,112,163],"network":[80,113,164],"can":[82,199],"be":[83,200],"optimized":[84],"resource":[87],"constrained":[88],"micro-controller":[89],"platform":[90],"suitable":[91],"while":[95],"minimizing":[96],"performance":[98,169],"loss.":[99],"We":[100,185],"employ":[101],"knowledge":[102],"distillation-based":[103],"approach":[106],"where":[107],"(teacher)":[110],"compressed":[116],"TinyML":[119,129,196],"(student)":[120],"piecewise":[123],"linear":[124],"approximation.":[125],"Our":[126],"proposed":[127,151],"achieved":[131],"~156x":[132],"factor":[134],"suit":[136],"100KB":[141],"memory":[142],"deployment":[146],"on":[147],"devices.":[149],"The":[150],"requires":[153],"~5782":[154],"times":[155],"(estimated)":[156],"less":[157],"computational":[158],"load":[159],"than":[160,172],"state-of-the-art":[161],"residual":[162],"(ResNet)":[165],"negligible":[168],"loss":[170,174],"(less":[171],"1%":[173],"in":[175,203],"test":[176,178,180,183],"accuracy,":[177],"sensitivity,":[179],"precision":[181],"F1-score).":[184],"further":[186],"feel":[187],"small":[190],"footprint":[191],"size":[193],"(62.3":[197],"KB)":[198],"suitably":[201],"deployed":[202],"implantable":[204,207],"including":[206],"loop":[208],"recorder":[209],"(ILR).":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
