{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200211803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703","title":"A Virtual Scanning Framework for Robotic Spinal Sonography with Automatic Real-time Recognition of Standard Views","display_name":"A Virtual Scanning Framework for Robotic Spinal Sonography with Automatic Real-time Recognition of Standard Views","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200211803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Keyu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yangxin Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangxin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Li Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Max Q.-H. Meng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Q.-H. Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1559,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73815588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4574","last_page":"4577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5611000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.3172999918460846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5611000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5536999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776470464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1933900","display_name":"Micromanipulator","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998976110","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2503967141","https://openalex.org/W2532750509","https://openalex.org/W2913559493","https://openalex.org/W3025204546","https://openalex.org/W3043316223","https://openalex.org/W3157010837","https://openalex.org/W3205841225","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6725739302"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultrasound":[0],"(US)":[1],"imaging":[2],"is":[3,60],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,38,43,109],"assist":[7],"in":[8,63,152],"the":[9,14,17,29,39,53,57,78,83,111,122,126,146,150,153,157,163],"diagnosis":[10],"and":[11,25,47,80,116,134,156],"intervention":[12],"of":[13,56,121,125,145,149,165],"spine,":[15],"but":[16],"manual":[18],"scanning":[19,97],"process":[20],"would":[21],"bring":[22],"heavy":[23],"physical":[24],"cognitive":[26],"burdens":[27],"on":[28,100,129],"sonographers.":[30],"Robotic":[31],"US":[32,66,102],"acquisitions":[33],"can":[34,75,141],"provide":[35],"an":[36,87],"alternative":[37],"standard":[40,84,123,147],"handheld":[41],"technique":[42],"reduce":[44],"operator":[45],"workload":[46],"avoid":[48],"direct":[49],"patient":[50],"contact.":[51],"However,":[52],"real-time":[54,119],"interpretation":[55],"acquired":[58,104],"images":[59],"rarely":[61],"addressed":[62],"existing":[64],"robotic":[65,72,107,113],"systems.":[67],"Therefore,":[68],"we":[69,93],"envision":[70],"a":[71,95,106,130],"system":[73,108],"that":[74],"automatically":[76],"scan":[77],"spine":[79,127,151],"search":[81],"for":[82],"views":[85,124,148],"like":[86],"expert":[88],"sonographer.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"work,":[92],"propose":[94],"virtual":[96],"framework":[98],"based":[99,128],"real-world":[101],"data":[103],"by":[105],"simulate":[110],"autonomous":[112],"spinal":[114],"sonography,":[115],"incorporate":[117],"automatic":[118],"recognition":[120],"multi-scale":[131],"fusion":[132],"approach":[133],"deep":[135],"convolutional":[136],"neural":[137],"networks.":[138],"Our":[139],"method":[140],"accurately":[142],"classify":[143],"96.71%":[144],"test":[154],"set,":[155],"simulated":[158],"clinical":[159],"application":[160],"preliminarily":[161],"demonstrates":[162],"potential":[164],"our":[166],"method.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}