{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200409556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","title":"Filling in the Visual Gaps: Shifting Cortical Activity using Current Steering","display_name":"Filling in the Visual Gaps: Shifting Cortical Activity using Current Steering","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200409556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039619447","display_name":"Sabrina J Meikle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-8328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabrina Jade Meikle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006244181","display_name":"Maureen A. Hagan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4965-2731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maureen Ann Hagan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023257057","display_name":"Nicholas S. C. Price","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-7704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Seow Chiang Price","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091261710","display_name":"Yan T. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5281-8221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Tat Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039619447"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71774194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"5733","last_page":"5736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode-array","display_name":"Electrode array","score":0.6826030611991882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-cortex","display_name":"Visual cortex","score":0.676823079586029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.645976185798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.4702657163143158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-perception","display_name":"Visual perception","score":0.4642848074436188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.45982933044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprosthetics","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","score":0.44037994742393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-field","display_name":"Visual field","score":0.4286016821861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42697712779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42459186911582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sight","display_name":"Sight","score":0.4172624349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.3888680040836334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.34494471549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.283600389957428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1802079677581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1600346565246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14729303121566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14383581280708313}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97562148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357989","display_name":"Electrode array","level":3,"score":0.6826030611991882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75785","display_name":"Visual cortex","level":2,"score":0.676823079586029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.645976185798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.4702657163143158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.4642848074436188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.45982933044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197525751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431093","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","level":2,"score":0.44037994742393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776058522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364768","display_name":"Visual field","level":2,"score":0.4286016821861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42697712779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42459186911582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1517167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134322","display_name":"Sight","level":2,"score":0.4172624349594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3888680040836334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.34494471549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.283600389957428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1802079677581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1600346565246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14729303121566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14383581280708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057488","descriptor_name":"Visual Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34892422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991783980","https://openalex.org/W2004085402","https://openalex.org/W2018103408","https://openalex.org/W2075714485","https://openalex.org/W2091248960","https://openalex.org/W2114576932","https://openalex.org/W2131005764","https://openalex.org/W2138980584","https://openalex.org/W2147812701","https://openalex.org/W2248803695","https://openalex.org/W2312817279","https://openalex.org/W2554251565","https://openalex.org/W2555494543","https://openalex.org/W2557847745","https://openalex.org/W2782221431","https://openalex.org/W2888320296","https://openalex.org/W2911837683","https://openalex.org/W2952882400","https://openalex.org/W3025482455","https://openalex.org/W3036770533","https://openalex.org/W3082055087","https://openalex.org/W3087558171","https://openalex.org/W3160661121"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252681206","https://openalex.org/W4387250754","https://openalex.org/W4249804725","https://openalex.org/W2116820242","https://openalex.org/W2010158783","https://openalex.org/W2330025756","https://openalex.org/W1977076149","https://openalex.org/W2007261219","https://openalex.org/W2049625608","https://openalex.org/W2947410058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cortical":[0],"vision":[1],"prostheses":[2],"are":[3,25],"being":[4],"developed":[5],"to":[6,20,27,31,59,104],"restore":[7],"sight":[8],"in":[9,40,79],"blind":[10],"patients.":[11],"Existing":[12],"electrode":[13,66],"arrays":[14],"that":[15,88],"electrically":[16],"stimulate":[17],"cortical":[18,116],"tissue":[19],"artificially":[21],"induce":[22],"neural":[23,62,73],"activity":[24,74],"difficult":[26],"position":[28],"directly":[29],"next":[30],"each":[32,105],"other.":[33],"Leaving":[34],"space":[35],"between":[36,64,94],"implants":[37],"creates":[38],"gaps":[39],"the":[41,70,80,99],"visual":[42,46,81,123],"field":[43,124],"where":[44],"no":[45],"percepts":[47],"can":[48],"be":[49,92],"created.":[50],"Here,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"current":[54],"steering":[55],"as":[56],"a":[57,61,121],"solution":[58],"elicit":[60],"response":[63],"physical":[65,95],"locations.":[67],"We":[68,86],"assessed":[69],"centroid":[71,90],"of":[72,83,101],"produced":[75],"by":[76,97,119],"dual-electrode":[77],"stimulation":[78],"cortex":[82],"Sprague-Dawley":[84],"rats.":[85],"determined":[87],"this":[89],"could":[91,110],"shifted":[93],"electrodes":[96],"altering":[98],"ratio":[100],"charge":[102],"delivered":[103],"electrode.":[106],"This":[107],"centroidal":[108],"shift":[109],"enable":[111],"better":[112],"environmental":[113],"perception":[114],"for":[115],"implant":[117],"patients":[118],"creating":[120],"complete":[122],"representation":[125],"while":[126],"maintaining":[127],"safe":[128],"array":[129],"spacing.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}