{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081798157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","title":"Volumetric Choroidal Segmentation Using Sequential Deep Learning Approach in High Myopia Subjects","display_name":"Volumetric Choroidal Segmentation Using Sequential Deep Learning Approach in High Myopia Subjects","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081798157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","mag":"3081798157","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072153875","display_name":"Dheo A. Y. Cahyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2048-1211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dheo A. Y. Cahyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015497605","display_name":"Damon Wing Kee Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-9121"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damon W. K. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering(STANCE) Programme"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering(STANCE) Programme","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036933697","display_name":"Ai Ping Yow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-2609"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai Ping Yow","raw_affiliation_strings":["SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering(STANCE) Programme"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering(STANCE) Programme","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064124202","display_name":"Seang\u2010Mei Saw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-796X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seang-Mei Saw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015017045","display_name":"Leopold Schmetterer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7189-1707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leopold Schmetterer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocular Imaging Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4096,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84518085,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1286","last_page":"1289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choroid","display_name":"Choroid","score":0.7865602970123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7704440355300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.7164821624755859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7040563821792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.68168044090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.677996814250946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.4551425576210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.45239654183387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42319542169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.348649263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.20763349533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1743207573890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.17384564876556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.06938862800598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.06517311930656433}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271762","display_name":"Choroid","level":3,"score":0.7865602970123291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7704440355300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.7164821624755859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7040563821792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.68168044090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.677996814250946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4551425576210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.45239654183387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42319542169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.348649263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.20763349533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1743207573890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.17384564876556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06938862800598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.06517311930656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176184","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:33018223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1974420926","https://openalex.org/W2084816571","https://openalex.org/W2409743699","https://openalex.org/W2463818697","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2515788890","https://openalex.org/W2560311620","https://openalex.org/W2608641923","https://openalex.org/W2904540960","https://openalex.org/W2917403694","https://openalex.org/W2921406441","https://openalex.org/W2949111613","https://openalex.org/W2963122731","https://openalex.org/W2973920946","https://openalex.org/W3101756320","https://openalex.org/W3103010481","https://openalex.org/W6726029915","https://openalex.org/W6730044627","https://openalex.org/W6737060275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W1973775000","https://openalex.org/W2748922771","https://openalex.org/W1987128138","https://openalex.org/W4308993413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"ocular":[1,137],"diseases":[2],"are":[3],"associated":[4],"with":[5,57,91,110],"choroidal":[6,26,35,127],"changes.":[7],"Therefore,":[8],"it":[9],"is":[10,72,95],"crucial":[11],"to":[12,15,19,39],"be":[13,40,108],"able":[14],"segment":[16,125],"the":[17,67,105,126],"choroid":[18,106],"study":[20],"its":[21],"properties.":[22],"Previous":[23],"methods":[24],"for":[25],"segmentation":[27,36,50,103],"have":[28],"focused":[29],"on":[30,74],"single":[31],"cross-sectional":[32],"scans.":[33],"Volumetric":[34],"has":[37],"yet":[38],"widely":[41],"reported.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"paper,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"a":[48,53,58],"sequential":[49],"approach":[51,122],"using":[52,83],"variation":[54],"of":[55,104,113],"U-Net":[56],"bidirectional":[59],"C-LSTM(Convolutional":[60],"Long":[61],"Short":[62],"Term":[63],"Memory)":[64],"module":[65],"in":[66],"bottleneck":[68],"region.":[69],"The":[70,98],"model":[71],"evaluated":[73],"volumetric":[75,102],"scans":[76],"from":[77],"40":[78],"high":[79],"myopia":[80],"subjects,":[81],"obtained":[82],"SS-OCT(Swept":[84],"Source":[85],"Optical":[86],"Coherence":[87],"Tomography).":[88],"A":[89],"comparison":[90],"other":[92],"U-Net-based":[93],"variants":[94],"also":[96],"presented.":[97],"results":[99],"demonstrate":[100],"that":[101],"can":[107,123,130],"achieved":[109],"an":[111],"accuracy":[112],"IoU(Intersection":[114],"over":[115],"Union)":[116],"0.92.Clinical":[117],"relevance-":[118],"This":[119],"deep":[120],"learning":[121],"automatically":[124],"volume,":[128],"which":[129],"enable":[131],"better":[132],"evaluation":[133],"and":[134],"monitoring":[135],"at":[136],"diseases.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
