{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082610018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","title":"Task-irrelevant Auditory Event-related Potentials as Mental Workload Indicators: A Between-task Comparison Study","display_name":"Task-irrelevant Auditory Event-related Potentials as Mental Workload Indicators: A Between-task Comparison Study","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082610018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","mag":"3082610018","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073781849","display_name":"Jinzhao Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5740404","display_name":"Tianjin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh8wx89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5740404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinzhao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5740404","https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090651290","display_name":"Yufeng Ke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-0322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5740404","display_name":"Tianjin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh8wx89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5740404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufeng Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5740404","https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319127","display_name":"Shuang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4801-2919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5740404","display_name":"Tianjin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh8wx89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5740404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5740404","https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081177996","display_name":"Xizi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0676-3258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5740404","display_name":"Tianjin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh8wx89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5740404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xizi Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5740404","https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108722358","display_name":"Cheng Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperative Laboratory,Beijing,China,100074"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperative Laboratory,Beijing,China,100074","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046750708","display_name":"Guchuan Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guchuan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperative Laboratory,Beijing,China,100074"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperative Laboratory,Beijing,China,100074","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011769657","display_name":"Dong Ming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-2538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5740404","display_name":"Tianjin Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh8wx89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5740404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5740404","https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073781849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743","https://openalex.org/I5740404"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1115,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42469616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"3216","last_page":"3219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7037843465805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6015263795852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5907031297683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5888526439666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p3a","display_name":"P3a","score":0.5838645696640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-related-potential","display_name":"Event-related potential","score":0.5375760197639465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auditory-event","display_name":"Auditory event","score":0.4824591279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.43264222145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4137052297592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3957253694534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.35753512382507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3428003191947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.2681237757205963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.07646247744560242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7037843465805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6015263795852661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5907031297683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5888526439666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141643422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7117898","display_name":"P3a","level":4,"score":0.5838645696640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67359045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14026181","display_name":"Event-related potential","level":3,"score":0.5375760197639465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779008080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199428","display_name":"Auditory event","level":3,"score":0.4824591279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.43264222145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4137052297592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3957253694534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.35753512382507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3428003191947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.2681237757205963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.07646247744560242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:33018689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55018851","https://openalex.org/W834882260","https://openalex.org/W1489143527","https://openalex.org/W1970061403","https://openalex.org/W1977109083","https://openalex.org/W1996741537","https://openalex.org/W2023668640","https://openalex.org/W2042526832","https://openalex.org/W2050321216","https://openalex.org/W2062489085","https://openalex.org/W2072407683","https://openalex.org/W2076870888","https://openalex.org/W2078446903","https://openalex.org/W2088067967","https://openalex.org/W2091685975","https://openalex.org/W2153394220","https://openalex.org/W2283875974","https://openalex.org/W2634562980","https://openalex.org/W2794034362","https://openalex.org/W6602235344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249986486","https://openalex.org/W3130090677","https://openalex.org/W1974604816","https://openalex.org/W2464400594","https://openalex.org/W2080117671","https://openalex.org/W2146866309","https://openalex.org/W2099239099","https://openalex.org/W2089960853","https://openalex.org/W2312680240","https://openalex.org/W2054120876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Real-time":[0],"monitoring":[1,210],"of":[2,47,142,176],"mental":[3],"workload":[4],"(MWL)":[5],"is":[6,52],"a":[7,79],"crucial":[8],"step":[9],"to":[10,34,61],"build":[11],"closed-loop":[12],"adaptive":[13],"aiding":[14],"systems":[15],"for":[16],"human-machine":[17],"systems.":[18],"MWL":[19,50,70,158,191,209],"estimators":[20,51],"based":[21],"on":[22,170],"spontaneous":[23],"electroencephalography":[24],"(EEG)":[25],"and":[26,78,92,134,147,162,173],"event-related":[27,66],"potentials":[28,33,67],"(ERPs)":[29],"have":[30],"shown":[31],"great":[32],"achieve":[35],"this":[36],"goal.":[37],"However,":[38],"the":[39,44,63,97,111,123,129,140,148,156,171,177,185,199],"previous":[40],"studies":[41],"show":[42,138],"that":[43,104,139,184],"between-task":[45],"robustness":[46],"these":[48],"EEG/ERP-based":[49],"still":[53],"an":[54],"unsolved":[55],"intractable":[56],"question.":[57],"This":[58],"study":[59],"attempts":[60],"examine":[62],"task-irrelevant":[64,101],"auditory":[65,102,130],"(tir-aERPs)":[68],"as":[69],"indicators.":[71],"A":[72],"working":[73],"memory":[74],"task":[75,81,83,196],"(verbal":[76],"n-back)":[77],"visuo-motor":[80],"(multi-attribute":[82],"battery,":[84],"MATB),":[85],"both":[86,160],"with":[87,100,155],"two":[88],"difficulty":[89],"levels":[90],"(easy":[91],"hard),":[93],"were":[94,121,132],"used":[95],"in":[96,159,206],"experiment,":[98],"along":[99],"probes":[103,131],"did":[105],"not":[106],"need":[107],"any":[108],"response":[109],"from":[110,116],"participants.":[112],"EEG":[113],"was":[114],"recorded":[115],"ten":[117],"participants":[118],"when":[119],"they":[120],"performing":[122],"tasks.":[124],"The":[125,136],"tir-aERPs":[126,179,186,200],"elicited":[127],"by":[128],"extracted":[133],"analyzed.":[135],"results":[137,182],"amplitudes":[141,172],"N1,":[143],"early":[144],"P3a":[145],"(eP3a)":[146],"late":[149],"reorienting":[150],"negativity":[151],"(RON)":[152],"significantly":[153],"decreased":[154],"increasing":[157],"n-back":[161],"MATB.":[163],"Task":[164],"type":[165],"has":[166],"no":[167],"obvious":[168],"influence":[169],"topological":[174],"layout":[175],"MWL-sensitive":[178],"features.":[180],"These":[181],"suggest":[183],"are":[187],"potentially":[188],"more":[189],"constant":[190],"indicators":[192],"across":[193],"very":[194],"different":[195],"types.":[197],"Therefore,":[198],"should":[201],"be":[202],"taken":[203],"into":[204],"consideration":[205],"future":[207],"task-independent":[208],"studies.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2020-09-08T00:00:00"}