{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082195621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","title":"Role of the Choroid in Automated Age-related Macular Degeneration Detection from Optical Coherence Tomography Images","display_name":"Role of the Choroid in Automated Age-related Macular Degeneration Detection from Optical Coherence Tomography Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082195621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","mag":"3082195621","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063212117","display_name":"Ruchir Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-8389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruchir Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030565922","display_name":"Ee Ping Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-8399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ee Ping Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084150972","display_name":"Beng-Hai Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beng-Hai Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063212117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7047,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74378177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1867","last_page":"1870"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12599","display_name":"Retinal and Optic Conditions","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choroid","display_name":"Choroid","score":0.952023983001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-degeneration","display_name":"Macular degeneration","score":0.905430793762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.7826590538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.5120956897735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4758060872554779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.4624955654144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4596203863620758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4377692937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.39027202129364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3266858160495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12581467628479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08639788627624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0719347596168518}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271762","display_name":"Choroid","level":3,"score":0.952023983001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.905430793762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.7826590538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.5120956897735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4758060872554779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.4624955654144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4596203863620758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4377692937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.39027202129364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3266858160495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12581467628479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08639788627624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0719347596168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002829","descriptor_name":"Choroid","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008268","descriptor_name":"Macular Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041623","descriptor_name":"Tomography, Optical Coherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175809","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:33018364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001080026","https://openalex.org/W2013754472","https://openalex.org/W2113137767","https://openalex.org/W2160226180","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2418802570","https://openalex.org/W2546844354","https://openalex.org/W2570893893","https://openalex.org/W2589074029","https://openalex.org/W2608603966","https://openalex.org/W2608854843","https://openalex.org/W2879717022","https://openalex.org/W2884387603","https://openalex.org/W2912944328","https://openalex.org/W2932061020","https://openalex.org/W2969181508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3041046439","https://openalex.org/W2994531931","https://openalex.org/W4386789577","https://openalex.org/W266194216","https://openalex.org/W2401044713","https://openalex.org/W2437180981","https://openalex.org/W2898021899","https://openalex.org/W623505821","https://openalex.org/W2004356251","https://openalex.org/W1792721766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"detection":[1,106,126],"of":[2,32,51,58,84,136],"age-related":[3],"macular":[4],"degeneration":[5],"(AMD)":[6],"from":[7,25,91],"optical":[8],"coherence":[9],"tomography":[10],"(OCT)":[11],"images":[12,93],"is":[13,23,29,46,68,139],"often":[14],"performed":[15],"using":[16],"the":[17,26,36,40,49,52,76,82,86,115,121,124,130,142],"retinal":[18],"layers":[19],"only":[20,38],"and":[21,43,107,112],"choroid":[22,37,53,67,87,122],"excluded":[24],"analysis.":[27],"This":[28],"because":[30],"symptoms":[31],"AMD":[33,90,105,125],"manifest":[34],"in":[35,39,54,88],"later":[41],"stages":[42,57],"clinical":[44,63],"literature":[45],"divided":[47],"over":[48],"role":[50],"detecting":[55,89],"earlier":[56,73],"AMD.":[59],"However,":[60],"more":[61],"recent":[62],"research":[64],"suggests":[65],"that":[66,119],"affected":[69],"at":[70,94],"a":[71,100],"much":[72],"stage.":[74,97],"In":[75,128],"proposed":[77,131],"work,":[78],"we":[79],"experimentally":[80],"verify":[81],"effect":[83],"including":[85,114,120],"OCT":[92],"an":[95,134],"intermediate":[96],"We":[98],"propose":[99],"deep":[101],"learning":[102],"framework":[103],"for":[104],"compare":[108],"its":[109],"accuracies":[110],"with":[111],"without":[113],"choroid.":[116],"Results":[117],"suggest":[118],"improves":[123],"accuracy.":[127],"addition,":[129],"method":[132],"achieves":[133],"accuracy":[135],"96.78%":[137],"which":[138],"comparable":[140],"to":[141],"state-of-the-art":[143],"works.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}