{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082602023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","title":"Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation","display_name":"Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082602023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","mag":"3082602023","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023379037","display_name":"Sean Perry","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Perry","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111807074","display_name":"Natasha Khovanova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Khovanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004849803","display_name":"I. A. Khovanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-8457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Khovanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68168079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"461","last_page":"464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiorespiratory-fitness","display_name":"Cardiorespiratory fitness","score":0.8907918930053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.8427395820617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-synchronization","display_name":"Phase synchronization","score":0.6271028518676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5967367887496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breathing","display_name":"Breathing","score":0.5965012907981873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-rate","display_name":"Respiratory rate","score":0.576890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.5743427872657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.542446494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.36171215772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14745324850082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy","display_name":"Physical therapy","score":0.1096281111240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.102640300989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthesia","display_name":"Anesthesia","score":0.09068378806114197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08912882208824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.08396178483963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"Blood pressure","score":0.07943764328956604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117437137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038720","display_name":"Cardiorespiratory fitness","level":2,"score":0.8907918930053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.8427395820617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194027367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420475","display_name":"Phase synchronization","level":3,"score":0.6271028518676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5967367887496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39300077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9530","display_name":"Breathing","level":2,"score":0.5965012907981873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8213797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754250","display_name":"Respiratory rate","level":4,"score":0.576890230178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5743427872657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.542446494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.36171215772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14745324850082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.1096281111240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.102640300989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.09068378806114197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08912882208824158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08396178483963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.07943764328956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012420","descriptor_name":"Running","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012420","descriptor_name":"Running","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012420","descriptor_name":"Running","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175778","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:33018027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:142658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78181999","https://openalex.org/W950991549","https://openalex.org/W1620414136","https://openalex.org/W1983261491","https://openalex.org/W2009438423","https://openalex.org/W2031938950","https://openalex.org/W2037983773","https://openalex.org/W2050515372","https://openalex.org/W2057302967","https://openalex.org/W2079133700","https://openalex.org/W2081615927","https://openalex.org/W2088798376","https://openalex.org/W2090276568","https://openalex.org/W2142487776","https://openalex.org/W2186004454","https://openalex.org/W2568921216","https://openalex.org/W2913919818","https://openalex.org/W2979627726","https://openalex.org/W3119584081","https://openalex.org/W4248666415","https://openalex.org/W6671016948","https://openalex.org/W6681110656"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963851439","https://openalex.org/W2095704199","https://openalex.org/W1827287738","https://openalex.org/W4210284618","https://openalex.org/W1995406459","https://openalex.org/W3033537072","https://openalex.org/W2068628444","https://openalex.org/W2022401564","https://openalex.org/W2098871800","https://openalex.org/W2114958893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0,15],"running,":[1,193],"interactions":[2],"were":[3,163],"considered":[4],"between":[5,46,145,188],"three":[6,22,135,190],"physiological":[7,42],"oscillators":[8],"-":[9],"the":[10,18,58,183,195,200],"heart,":[11],"breaths,":[12],"and":[13,33,66,83,106,147,157,160,194],"steps.":[14,171],"intense":[16],"exercise,":[17],"oscillations":[19],"of":[20,44,62,99,104,137],"all":[21,134,140],"systems":[23,48,191],"are":[24,173],"close":[25,115],"to":[26,31,79,116,120,170,197],"regular,":[27],"producing":[28],"good":[29],"conditions":[30,196],"observe":[32,199],"characterise":[34],"synchronization.":[35],"The":[36],"origin,":[37],"as":[38,40],"well":[39],"any":[41],"significance,":[43],"synchronization":[45,61,86,128,138],"these":[47,189],"during":[49,87,139,192],"running":[50,89,141],"is":[51],"not":[52,70],"fully":[53],"accepted":[54],"or":[55],"understood.":[56],"Furthermore,":[57,143],"impact":[59],"on":[60],"controlling":[63],"both":[64,158],"breathing":[65,166],"step":[67,153],"rate":[68,109,154,167],"has":[69],"been":[71],"previously":[72],"reported":[73],"in":[74],"detail.":[75],"This":[76],"study":[77],"aims":[78],"measure":[80],"cardiolocomotor,":[81],"cardiorespiratory":[82,159],"respiratory-":[84],"locomotor":[85],"different":[88],"protocols.":[90,142],"Breathing":[91],"was":[92,110,149,155,168],"controlled":[93],"by":[94],"taking":[95],"a":[96,178],"fixed":[97,169],"number":[98],"steps":[100,148],"per":[101],"breath":[102],"(ratios":[103],"5:1":[105],"3:1).":[107],"Step":[108],"then":[111],"guided":[112],"at":[113],"rates":[114],"active":[117],"heart":[118],"rate,":[119],"instigate":[121],"1:1":[122],"phase-locking.":[123],"Instantaneous":[124],"phase":[125],"difference":[126],"quantified":[127],"episodes.":[129],"We":[130],"have":[131],"successfully":[132],"observed":[133],"forms":[136],"coupling":[144,162],"heartbeats":[146],"more":[150],"pronounced":[151],"when":[152,165],"guided,":[156],"respiratory-locomotor":[161],"extended":[164],"These":[172],"exciting":[174],"initial":[175],"results":[176],"from":[177],"novel":[179],"experimental":[180],"design,":[181],"highlighting":[182],"complex":[184],"interconnection":[185],"that":[186],"exists":[187],"best":[198],"phenomena.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
