{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082235287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","title":"Differential Responses to High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation in Brisk-Transient and Delta Retinal Ganglion Cells","display_name":"Differential Responses to High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation in Brisk-Transient and Delta Retinal Ganglion Cells","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082235287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","mag":"3082235287","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repositum.tuwien.at/bitstream/20.500.12708/19332/3/Hadjinicolaou-2020-Differential%20Responses%20to%20High-Frequency%20Electrical%20Sti...-am.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026157166","display_name":"Alex E. Hadjinicolaou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4055-5986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex E. Hadjinicolaou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078126832","display_name":"Paul Werginz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-3167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Werginz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031528045","display_name":"Jae-Ik Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9006-3405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Ik Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042894524","display_name":"Shelley I. Fried","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6456-8656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelley I. Fried","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.368,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78095238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"3529","last_page":"3532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphene","display_name":"Phosphene","score":0.9155653715133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.813172459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.6389349102973938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.6263114213943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-ganglion-cell","display_name":"Retinal ganglion cell","score":0.600849986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.5990948677062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ganglion","display_name":"Ganglion","score":0.5314584970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axon","display_name":"Axon","score":0.5261290073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-implant","display_name":"Retinal implant","score":0.45763543248176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.366365909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.30099013447761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.22385424375534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","score":0.06034937500953674}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154145042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072103","display_name":"Phosphene","level":4,"score":0.9155653715133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.813172459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.6389349102973938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.6263114213943481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777624874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927337","display_name":"Retinal ganglion cell","level":3,"score":0.600849986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5990948677062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781334511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108158","display_name":"Ganglion","level":2,"score":0.5314584970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178999","display_name":"Axon","level":2,"score":0.5261290073394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158383150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3149439","display_name":"Retinal implant","level":3,"score":0.45763543248176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.366365909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.30099013447761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.22385424375534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778581513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263962","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","level":3,"score":0.06034937500953674}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012162","descriptor_name":"Retinal Degeneration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012162","descriptor_name":"Retinal Degeneration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012162","descriptor_name":"Retinal Degeneration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012162","descriptor_name":"Retinal Degeneration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:33018765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositum.tuwien.at:20.500.12708/19332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12708/19332","pdf_url":"https://repositum.tuwien.at/bitstream/20.500.12708/19332/3/Hadjinicolaou-2020-Differential%20Responses%20to%20High-Frequency%20Electrical%20Sti...-am.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400493","display_name":"reposiTUm (TU Wien)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","host_organization_name":"TU Wien","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Inproceedings"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.34726/2163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34726/2163</div>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Inproceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repositum.tuwien.at:20.500.12708/19332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12708/19332","pdf_url":"https://repositum.tuwien.at/bitstream/20.500.12708/19332/3/Hadjinicolaou-2020-Differential%20Responses%20to%20High-Frequency%20Electrical%20Sti...-am.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400493","display_name":"reposiTUm (TU Wien)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","host_organization_name":"TU Wien","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Inproceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3190172993","display_name":"Identification of calcium current reversal in bipolar cells","funder_award_id":"J 3947","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","display_name":"Austrian Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/013tf3c58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082235287.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3082235287.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1853085112","https://openalex.org/W1964602001","https://openalex.org/W1965445573","https://openalex.org/W1968734894","https://openalex.org/W1977928004","https://openalex.org/W1986073843","https://openalex.org/W1986756553","https://openalex.org/W2002812952","https://openalex.org/W2009667219","https://openalex.org/W2014207893","https://openalex.org/W2047503295","https://openalex.org/W2072520225","https://openalex.org/W2109006034","https://openalex.org/W2109527187","https://openalex.org/W2145360606","https://openalex.org/W2158326388","https://openalex.org/W2159083156","https://openalex.org/W2183760535","https://openalex.org/W2227888593","https://openalex.org/W2899438367","https://openalex.org/W2976367384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084035247","https://openalex.org/W4200184177","https://openalex.org/W2898172397","https://openalex.org/W2588053782","https://openalex.org/W2022449896","https://openalex.org/W2909571771","https://openalex.org/W2953775847","https://openalex.org/W2071402514","https://openalex.org/W2074934746","https://openalex.org/W3089417316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retinal":[0],"microprostheses":[1],"strive":[2],"to":[3,111,117,130,133],"evoke":[4],"a":[5,28,108],"sense":[6],"of":[7,44,83,107,143,151],"vision":[8],"in":[9,93],"individuals":[10],"blinded":[11],"by":[12,17,78,140],"outer":[13],"retinal":[14,36],"degenerative":[15],"diseases,":[16],"electrically":[18],"stimulating":[19],"the":[20,42,53,105,141,144,165,171],"surviving":[21],"retina.":[22],"It":[23],"is":[24,114],"widely":[25],"suspected":[26],"that":[27,31,104],"stimulation":[29,84,113,153,172],"strategy":[30],"can":[32],"selectively":[33],"activate":[34],"different":[35],"ganglion":[37,109,167],"cell":[38,61,87,100,110],"types":[39],"will":[40,154],"improve":[41],"quality":[43],"evoked":[45],"phosphenes.":[46],"Previous":[47],"efforts":[48],"towards":[49],"this":[50,75],"goal":[51],"demonstrated":[52],"potential":[54],"for":[55,127],"selective":[56],"ON":[57],"and":[58,85,97,136,169],"OFF":[59],"brisk-transient":[60],"activation":[62],"using":[63],"high-rate":[64,152],"(2000":[65],"pulses":[66],"per":[67],"second,":[68],"PPS)":[69],"stimulation.":[70],"Here,":[71],"we":[72,124],"build":[73],"upon":[74],"earlier":[76],"work":[77],"testing":[79],"an":[80],"additional":[81,86],"rate":[82],"populations.":[88],"We":[89],"find":[90],"considerable":[91],"variability":[92],"responses":[94],"both":[95,128],"within":[96],"across":[98],"individual":[99],"types,":[101,168],"but":[102],"show":[103],"sensitivity":[106],"repetitive":[112],"highly":[115],"correlated":[116,132],"its":[118],"single-pulse":[119],"threshold.":[120],"Consistent":[121],"with":[122],"this,":[123],"found":[125],"thresholds":[126],"stimuli":[129],"be":[131],"soma":[134],"size,":[135],"thus":[137],"likely":[138,155],"mediated":[139],"properties":[142],"axon":[145],"initial":[146],"segment.":[147],"The":[148],"ultimate":[149],"efficacy":[150],"depend":[156],"on":[157],"several":[158],"factors,":[159],"chief":[160],"among":[161],"which":[162],"are":[163],"(a)":[164],"residual":[166],"(b)":[170],"frequency.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}