{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389542883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","title":"Identifying an Appropriate Area to Facilitate the Cardiorespiratory Measurement during Sleep Monitoring","display_name":"Identifying an Appropriate Area to Facilitate the Cardiorespiratory Measurement during Sleep Monitoring","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389542883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38083006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070854764","display_name":"Ralf Seepold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-2537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9649716","display_name":"HTWG Hochschule Konstanz - Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung","ror":"https://ror.org/051qw9f78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ralf Seepold","raw_affiliation_strings":["HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040277513","display_name":"Akhmadbek Asadov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-8866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9649716","display_name":"HTWG Hochschule Konstanz - Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung","ror":"https://ror.org/051qw9f78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhmadbek Asadov","raw_affiliation_strings":["HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070815321","display_name":"Andrei Boiko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-8485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9649716","display_name":"HTWG Hochschule Konstanz - Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung","ror":"https://ror.org/051qw9f78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Boiko","raw_affiliation_strings":["HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004730271","display_name":"Natividad Mart\u00ednez Madrid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1965-9481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","display_name":"Reutlingen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00q644y50","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natividad Mart\u00ednez Madrid","raw_affiliation_strings":["IoT Lab at Reutlingen University,Reutlingen,Germany,72762"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IoT Lab at Reutlingen University,Reutlingen,Germany,72762","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044709207","display_name":"Mostafa Haghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8966-0176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9649716","display_name":"HTWG Hochschule Konstanz - Technik, Wirtschaft und Gestaltung","ror":"https://ror.org/051qw9f78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Haghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HTWG University,Ubiquitous Computing Laboratory,Department of Computer Science,Konstanz,Germany,D-78462","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070854764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9649716"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16767942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"160","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10234","display_name":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heartbeat","display_name":"Heartbeat","score":0.875118613243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiorespiratory-fitness","display_name":"Cardiorespiratory fitness","score":0.7405316829681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6080025434494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5618896484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-detection","display_name":"Step detection","score":0.5503132939338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5220746397972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballistocardiography","display_name":"Ballistocardiography","score":0.4818512201309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4623623490333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-pass-filter","display_name":"Band-pass filter","score":0.4614170491695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.44317394495010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4274529814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41887542605400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.411307156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39631229639053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3774685263633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36030834913253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.26154157519340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24723821878433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.23305219411849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2086869776248932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.16318297386169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15723147988319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11778470873832703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13852961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021880","display_name":"Heartbeat","level":2,"score":0.875118613243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117437137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038720","display_name":"Cardiorespiratory fitness","level":2,"score":0.7405316829681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6080025434494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5618896484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C293773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7608015","display_name":"Step detection","level":3,"score":0.5503132939338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5220746397972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779611634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4851812","display_name":"Ballistocardiography","level":2,"score":0.4818512201309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4623623490333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.4614170491695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.44317394495010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4274529814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41887542605400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.411307156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39631229639053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3774685263633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36030834913253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.26154157519340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24723821878433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23305219411849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2086869776248932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.16318297386169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15723147988319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11778470873832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001450","descriptor_name":"Ballistocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001450","descriptor_name":"Ballistocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001450","descriptor_name":"Ballistocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001450","descriptor_name":"Ballistocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001450","descriptor_name":"Ballistocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341186","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38083006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38083006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.uni-konstanz.de-htwg:4998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.htwg-konstanz.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/4998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400170","display_name":"URN-Resolver at the German National Library (German National Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2802635041","host_organization_name":"Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conferenceobject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.reutlingen-university.de:4686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.reutlingen-university.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/4686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400499","display_name":"Reutlingen University Academic Bibliography (Reutlingen University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","host_organization_name":"Reutlingen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1767656890","https://openalex.org/W2128307414","https://openalex.org/W2301763122","https://openalex.org/W2565121253","https://openalex.org/W2592263954","https://openalex.org/W2600633371","https://openalex.org/W2775385549","https://openalex.org/W2801427461","https://openalex.org/W2938049566","https://openalex.org/W2974500114","https://openalex.org/W3012397226","https://openalex.org/W3082616701","https://openalex.org/W3089572471","https://openalex.org/W3106636190","https://openalex.org/W3112351014","https://openalex.org/W3117648084","https://openalex.org/W3134599644","https://openalex.org/W3156301715","https://openalex.org/W3213973627","https://openalex.org/W4221134003","https://openalex.org/W4225396476","https://openalex.org/W4231438709","https://openalex.org/W4248022647","https://openalex.org/W4280508481","https://openalex.org/W4313526966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2443144249","https://openalex.org/W3138498819","https://openalex.org/W4255613405","https://openalex.org/W4385543909","https://openalex.org/W2087375270","https://openalex.org/W2997806027","https://openalex.org/W3039320222","https://openalex.org/W2005024251","https://openalex.org/W2742678714","https://openalex.org/W4283657245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Measuring":[0],"cardiorespiratory":[1,122],"parameters":[2,201],"in":[3,63,107,121,131,202],"sleep,":[4],"using":[5,48,148],"non-contact":[6],"sensors":[7,84,195],"and":[8,21,28,35,80,90,114,128,154,177,181,199],"the":[9,18,39,43,67,70,74,88,93,100,118,171,187],"Ballistocardiography":[10],"technique":[11],"has":[12],"received":[13],"much":[14],"attention":[15],"due":[16,37],"to":[17,38,65,92],"low-cost,":[19],"unobtrusive,":[20],"non-invasive":[22],"method.":[23],"Designing":[24],"a":[25,55,138,190],"user-friendly,":[26],"simple-to-use,":[27],"easy-to-deployment":[29],"preserving":[30],"less":[31],"error-prone":[32],"remains":[33],"open":[34],"challenging":[36],"complex":[40],"morphology":[41],"of":[42,61,69,76,140,157,175,189,193],"signal.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"work,":[47],"four":[49,59,103,132,204],"forcesensitive":[50],"resistor":[51],"sensors,":[52,62],"we":[53,168],"conducted":[54],"study":[56],"by":[57,72],"designing":[58],"distributions":[60,104],"order":[64],"simplify":[66],"complexity":[68],"system":[71],"identifying":[73],"region":[75,120],"interest":[77],"for":[78,137,179,196],"heartbeat":[79,198],"respiration":[81,180,200],"measurement.":[82],"The":[83,102,143,164,184],"are":[85,105],"deployed":[86],"under":[87],"mattress":[89],"attached":[91],"bed":[94],"frame":[95],"without":[96],"any":[97],"interference":[98],"with":[99],"subjects.":[101],"combined":[106],"two":[108],"linear":[109,112],"horizontal,":[110],"one":[111,115],"vertical,":[113],"square,":[116],"covering":[117],"influencing":[119],"activities.":[123],"We":[124],"recruited":[125],"4":[126,158],"subjects":[127],"acquired":[129],"data":[130],"regular":[133,205],"sleeping":[134,206],"positions,":[135],"each":[136],"duration":[139],"80":[141],"seconds.":[142],"signal":[144],"processing":[145],"was":[146],"performed":[147],"discrete":[149],"wavelet":[150],"transform":[151],"bior":[152],"3.9":[153],"smooth":[155],"level":[156],"as":[159,161],"well":[160],"bandpass":[162],"filtering.":[163],"results":[165,185],"indicate":[166],"that":[167],"have":[169],"achieved":[170],"mean":[172],"absolute":[173],"error":[174],"2.35":[176],"4.34":[178],"heartbeat,":[182],"respectively.":[183],"recommend":[186],"efficiency":[188],"triangleshaped":[191],"structure":[192],"three":[194],"measuring":[197],"all":[203],"positions.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
