{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389542524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","title":"Scalable Anatomically-Tunable Fully In-Ear Dry-Electrode Array for User-Generic Unobtrusive Electrophysiology","display_name":"Scalable Anatomically-Tunable Fully In-Ear Dry-Electrode Array for User-Generic Unobtrusive Electrophysiology","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389542524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659143","display_name":"Min Suk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3480-6370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133661","display_name":"La Jolla Bioengineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sgbh608","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Suk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073462253","display_name":"Akshay Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-5456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133661","display_name":"La Jolla Bioengineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sgbh608","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akshay Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093460617","display_name":"Tae Houn Joung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133661","display_name":"La Jolla Bioengineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sgbh608","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tae Houn Joung","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048745040","display_name":"Yuchen Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4953-8747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133661","display_name":"La Jolla Bioengineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sgbh608","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101608012","display_name":"Jiajia Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6017-037X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajia Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017793756","display_name":"W. David Hairston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-8430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802705668","display_name":"United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdkx920","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. David Hairston","raw_affiliation_strings":["DEVCOM Army Research Lab,Humans in Complex Systems,Aberdeen Proving Ground,MD,USA,21005"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DEVCOM Army Research Lab,Humans in Complex Systems,Aberdeen Proving Ground,MD,USA,21005","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059013717","display_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-5529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133661","display_name":"La Jolla Bioengineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sgbh608","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego,Jacobs School of Engineering, and Institute for Neural Computation,Department of Bioengineering,La Jolla,CA,USA,92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210133661"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.667105495929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophysiology","display_name":"Electrophysiology","score":0.6219528913497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6038246154785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.5621586441993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode-array","display_name":"Electrode array","score":0.5015983581542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11200371384620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09646004438400269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09494656324386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.09190165996551514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.667105495929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.6219528913497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6038246154785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5621586441993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97562148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357989","display_name":"Electrode array","level":3,"score":0.5015983581542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11200371384620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09646004438400269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09494656324386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.09190165996551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38082718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066227468","https://openalex.org/W2522347228","https://openalex.org/W2941894772","https://openalex.org/W2969220045","https://openalex.org/W2979746864","https://openalex.org/W3016303379","https://openalex.org/W3031643351","https://openalex.org/W3034577429","https://openalex.org/W3165008263","https://openalex.org/W4200275663","https://openalex.org/W4205228279","https://openalex.org/W4313118846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117411183","https://openalex.org/W2141009467","https://openalex.org/W2912837559","https://openalex.org/W3187683256","https://openalex.org/W2072205702","https://openalex.org/W2012957532","https://openalex.org/W2790980870","https://openalex.org/W2152200996","https://openalex.org/W4286841090","https://openalex.org/W2327265665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"scalp":[1],"EEG":[2,40,55],"instrumentation":[3],"is":[4,30,35],"bulky":[5],"and":[6,48,60,70,75,118],"arduous":[7],"to":[8,41,62,71,80,134],"set":[9],"up,":[10],"requiring":[11],"wires":[12],"that":[13,21,106],"constrain":[14],"the":[15,51,64,68,82,88,102],"subject's":[16],"movement,":[17],"conductive":[18],"wet":[19],"gels":[20],"dry":[22],"over":[23],"time":[24],"which":[25],"limits":[26],"long-term":[27],"recording,":[28],"and/or":[29],"socially":[31],"stigmatized.":[32],"Therefore,":[33],"there":[34],"growing":[36],"research":[37],"in":[38],"in-ear":[39,54],"increase":[42],"user":[43],"wearability,":[44],"ease":[45],"of":[46,53,67,84],"use,":[47],"concealability.":[49],"However,":[50],"fabrication":[52,89],"sensors":[56],"utilizes":[57],"complex":[58],"equipment":[59],"materials":[61],"capture":[63],"intricate":[65],"geometry":[66],"ear":[69],"fabricate":[72],"custom":[73],"earpieces":[74],"electrodes.":[76],"This":[77],"work":[78],"aims":[79],"lower":[81],"barrier":[83],"entry":[85],"by":[86,91],"decreasing":[87],"complexity":[90],"using":[92],"PCB":[93],"components":[94],"with":[95,131],"versatile,":[96],"user-generic":[97],"designs.":[98],"Measured":[99],"results":[100],"on":[101],"assembled":[103],"earpiece":[104],"demonstrate":[105],"it":[107],"viably":[108],"captures":[109],"eye":[110],"blinks,":[111],"jaw":[112],"clench,":[113],"auditory":[114],"steady-state":[115],"response":[116],"(ASSR),":[117],"alpha":[119],"modulation.":[120],"Additionally,":[121],"electrochemical":[122],"impedance":[123,132],"spectroscopy":[124],"(EIS)":[125],"experiments":[126],"show":[127],"reliable":[128],"electrode-skin":[129],"contact":[130],"comparable":[133],"conventional":[135],"dry-electrode":[136],"designs":[137],"at":[138],"substantially":[139],"greater":[140],"channel":[141],"density.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
