{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389543207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","title":"Structural Connectomes of COVID-Survivors Show Disruption in Global Integration and Small-Worldness","display_name":"Structural Connectomes of COVID-Survivors Show Disruption in Global Integration and Small-Worldness","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389543207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048131385","display_name":"Sapna S. Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-7131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sapna S Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering,New Delhi,India,110016"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering,New Delhi,India,110016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052347493","display_name":"Tapan Kumar Gandhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3532-9389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tapan K. Gandhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering,New Delhi,India,110016"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Department of Electrical Engineering,New Delhi,India,110016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035227520","display_name":"Bharat B. Biswal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3710-3500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bharat B. Biswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT),Department of Biomedical Engineering","Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT),Department of Biomedical Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43230379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connectome","display_name":"Connectome","score":0.7030953764915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connectomics","display_name":"Connectomics","score":0.6924108862876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-mri","display_name":"Diffusion MRI","score":0.6839181780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-matter","display_name":"White matter","score":0.5879017114639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clustering-coefficient","display_name":"Clustering coefficient","score":0.5497815608978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tractography","display_name":"Tractography","score":0.5241401791572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.49653178453445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.4780843257904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4744235873222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.41963982582092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4162670373916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.2902368903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2809578478336334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2588951885700226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.153488427400589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.14439502358436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-connectivity","display_name":"Functional connectivity","score":0.140641987323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.10502779483795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.10346496105194092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45715564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292103","display_name":"Connectome","level":3,"score":0.7030953764915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779097318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2993446","display_name":"Connectomics","level":4,"score":0.6924108862876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149550507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899360","display_name":"Diffusion MRI","level":3,"score":0.6839181780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781192897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q822050","display_name":"White matter","level":3,"score":0.5879017114639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22047676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898680","display_name":"Clustering coefficient","level":3,"score":0.5497815608978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84787856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3076659","display_name":"Tractography","level":4,"score":0.5241401791572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49653178453445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.4780843257904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4744235873222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41963982582092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4162670373916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.2902368903160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2809578478336334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2588951885700226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.153488427400589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.14439502358436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018011982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316120","display_name":"Functional connectivity","level":2,"score":0.140641987323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10502779483795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.10346496105194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056324","descriptor_name":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056324","descriptor_name":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056324","descriptor_name":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056324","descriptor_name":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056324","descriptor_name":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066127","descriptor_name":"White Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066127","descriptor_name":"White Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066127","descriptor_name":"White Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066127","descriptor_name":"White Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066127","descriptor_name":"White Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38082828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1857174369","https://openalex.org/W1991755427","https://openalex.org/W2011541551","https://openalex.org/W2014180146","https://openalex.org/W2071442707","https://openalex.org/W2122609459","https://openalex.org/W2167822639","https://openalex.org/W2558302966","https://openalex.org/W2605217072","https://openalex.org/W2795598334","https://openalex.org/W2944607361","https://openalex.org/W3034546965","https://openalex.org/W3042432453","https://openalex.org/W3045866226","https://openalex.org/W3081888891","https://openalex.org/W3114155216","https://openalex.org/W3118627743","https://openalex.org/W3119385645","https://openalex.org/W3168698848","https://openalex.org/W4225331973","https://openalex.org/W4286744183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3210800206","https://openalex.org/W1744057168","https://openalex.org/W2091472861","https://openalex.org/W2945607120","https://openalex.org/W2086448982","https://openalex.org/W112425480","https://openalex.org/W2550381304","https://openalex.org/W2946138627","https://openalex.org/W2400850456","https://openalex.org/W2944765019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Even":[0],"after":[1],"recovery":[2],"from":[3],"the":[4,34,45,49,58,73,105,139,146,152,174,195,203,231],"COVID-19":[5],"infection,":[6],"there":[7],"have":[8,28,56,86,116],"been":[9,214],"a":[10,178],"multitude":[11],"of":[12,38,61,72,76,104,145,194,205],"cases":[13],"reporting":[14],"post-COVID":[15,240],"neurological":[16],"symptoms":[17],"including":[18],"memory":[19],"loss,":[20],"brain":[21,147],"fog,":[22],"and":[23,80,134,143,183,190,200,223,236],"attention":[24],"deficit.":[25],"Many":[26],"studies":[27],"observed":[29],"localized":[30,62],"microstructural":[31],"damages":[32],"in":[33,48,52,180,208,233,239],"white":[35,65],"matter":[36,66],"regions":[37,103],"COVID":[39,209],"survivors,":[40],"indicating":[41],"potential":[42],"damage":[43,63],"to":[44,64,97,137],"axonal":[46],"pathways":[47],"brain.":[50,106],"Therefore,":[51],"this":[53,108],"study,":[54],"we":[55,115,171],"investigated":[57],"global":[59,122,140,181,198],"impact":[60],"tracts":[67],"using":[68],"graph":[69,118,157],"theoretical":[70,119],"analysis":[71],"structural":[74,99,109,234],"connectome":[75],"45":[77],"COVID-recovered":[78,175],"subjects":[79],"30":[81],"Healthy":[82],"Controls":[83],"(HCs).":[84],"We":[85,149],"implemented":[87],"Diffusion":[88],"Tensor":[89],"Imaging":[90],"based":[91,154],"reconstruction":[92],"followed":[93],"by":[94,159],"deterministic":[95],"tractography":[96],"extract":[98],"connections":[100],"among":[101],"different":[102],"Interpreting":[107],"connectivity":[110,235],"as":[111,220],"weighted":[112],"undirected":[113],"graphs,":[114],"used":[117],"measures":[120,158],"like":[121],"efficiency,":[123],"characteristic":[124],"path":[125],"length":[126],"(CPL),":[127],"clustering":[128],"coefficient":[129,136],"(CC),":[130],"modularity,":[131],"Fiedler":[132],"value,":[133],"assortativity":[135],"quantify":[138],"integration,":[141],"segregation,":[142],"robustness":[144],"networks.":[148],"statistically":[150],"compare":[151],"cohorts":[153],"on":[155,230],"these":[156],"employing":[160],"permutation":[161],"testing":[162],"for":[163],"100,000":[164],"permutations.":[165],"Post":[166],"multiple":[167],"comparisons":[168],"error":[169],"correction,":[170],"find":[172],"that":[173],"cohort":[176],"shows":[177],"reduction":[179],"efficiency":[182],"CC":[184],"while":[185],"they":[186],"exhibit":[187],"higher":[188],"modularity":[189],"CPL.":[191],"This":[192],"disruption":[193],"balance":[196],"between":[197],"integration":[199],"segregation":[201],"indicates":[202],"loss":[204],"small-world":[206],"property":[207],"survivors'":[210],"connectomes":[211],"which":[212],"has":[213],"linked":[215],"with":[216],"other":[217],"disorders":[218],"such":[219],"cognitive":[221],"impairment":[222],"Alzheimer's.":[224],"Overall,":[225],"our":[226],"study":[227],"sheds":[228],"light":[229],"alterations":[232],"its":[237],"role":[238],"symptoms.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
