{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389542739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","title":"An Automatic Method for Sublingual Image Segmentation and Color Analysis","display_name":"An Automatic Method for Sublingual Image Segmentation and Color Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389542739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38083316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101593079","display_name":"Zhecheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6364-2559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhecheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101110347","display_name":"Hongyu Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420459","display_name":"Hong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-1410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100084","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101593079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44609838,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6955963969230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6774346232414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6653538346290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6256248354911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4599300026893616}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6955963969230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6774346232414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6653538346290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6256248354911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4599300026893616}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007601","descriptor_name":"Jugular Veins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007601","descriptor_name":"Jugular Veins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007601","descriptor_name":"Jugular Veins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007601","descriptor_name":"Jugular Veins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007601","descriptor_name":"Jugular Veins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008516","descriptor_name":"Medicine, Chinese Traditional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008516","descriptor_name":"Medicine, Chinese Traditional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008516","descriptor_name":"Medicine, Chinese Traditional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008516","descriptor_name":"Medicine, Chinese Traditional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008516","descriptor_name":"Medicine, Chinese Traditional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014059","descriptor_name":"Tongue","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340419","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38083316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38083316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538183455","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1987639938","https://openalex.org/W1997972617","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2156220041","https://openalex.org/W2157364932","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2735039185","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2890385962","https://openalex.org/W2960739999","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963691377","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W3016888800","https://openalex.org/W3047916742","https://openalex.org/W3105636206","https://openalex.org/W3128035429","https://openalex.org/W3132184743","https://openalex.org/W4285819094","https://openalex.org/W6743446608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2775347418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"segmentation":[1,52,86,96,159],"of":[2,8,12,25,73,83,111,179,189,194,207],"sublingual":[3,9,29,50,74,84,112,150,169,209],"images":[4],"and":[5,40,46,106,133,141,145,165,181,191,204],"color":[6,71,99,108,171,195],"quantification":[7],"vein":[10,113,151,170],"are":[11,54,161],"great":[13],"significance":[14],"to":[15,36,93,119],"disease":[16],"diagnosis":[17],"in":[18,61,70,215],"traditional":[19],"Chinese":[20],"medicine.":[21],"With":[22],"the":[23,59,95,155,158,175,182,186,192,208],"development":[24],"computer":[26],"vision,":[27],"automatic":[28],"image":[30,51,85],"processing":[31],"provides":[32],"a":[33,81,89,98,107],"noninvasive":[34],"way":[35],"observe":[37],"patients'":[38],"tongue":[39,138],"is":[41,197],"convenient":[42],"for":[43,185],"both":[44],"doctors":[45,66,214],"patients.":[47],"However,":[48],"current":[49],"methods":[53,125,201],"not":[55],"accurate":[56,203],"enough.":[57],"Besides,":[58],"differences":[60],"subjective":[62],"judgments":[63],"by":[64,163],"different":[65],"bring":[67],"more":[68],"difficulties":[69],"analysis":[72,118],"veins.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"paper,":[78],"we":[79],"propose":[80],"method":[82,110,173],"based":[87,102,114],"on":[88,103,115,137,149],"modified":[90],"UNet++":[91],"network":[92],"improve":[94],"accuracy,":[97],"classification":[100,172],"approach":[101],"triplet":[104],"network,":[105],"quantization":[109,196],"linear":[116],"discriminant":[117],"provide":[120,202],"intuitive":[121],"one-dimensional":[122],"results.":[123],"Our":[124,168],"achieve":[126],"88.2%":[127],"mean":[128],"intersection":[129],"over":[130],"union":[131],"(mIoU)":[132],"94.1%":[134],"pixel":[135,147],"accuracy":[136,148,178,193],"dorsum":[139],"segmentation,":[140],"achieves":[142],"69.8%":[143],"mIoU":[144],"82.7%":[146],"segmentation.":[152],"Compared":[153],"with":[154],"state-of-art":[156],"methods,":[157],"mIoUs":[160],"improved":[162],"5.8%":[164],"5.3%":[166],"respectively.":[167],"has":[174],"highest":[176,183],"overall":[177],"81.2%":[180],"recall":[184],"minority":[187],"class":[188],"77.5%,":[190],"90.5%.Clinical":[198],"Relevance-":[199],"The":[200],"quantified":[205],"information":[206],"image,":[210],"which":[211],"can":[212],"assist":[213],"diagnosis.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}