{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389543182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","title":"WebPPG: Feasibility and Usability of Self-Performed, Browser-Based Smartphone Photoplethysmography","display_name":"WebPPG: Feasibility and Usability of Self-Performed, Browser-Based Smartphone Photoplethysmography","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389543182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082860"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019781266","display_name":"Michael Nissen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5472-132X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Nissen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090487872","display_name":"Madeleine Flaucher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8086-1112"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madeleine Flaucher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113408624","display_name":"Katharina M. Jaeger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katharina M. Jaeger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011647598","display_name":"Hanna Huebner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-1493"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna Huebner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043619309","display_name":"Nina Danzberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-3760"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Danzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066577132","display_name":"Adriana Titzmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2290-5965"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana Titzmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008249454","display_name":"Constanza Pontones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-8523"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constanza A. Pontones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017728105","display_name":"Peter A. Fasching","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-8471"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Fasching","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014144494","display_name":"Bjoern M. Eskofier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-0336"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bjoern M. Eskofier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040855702","display_name":"Heike Leutheuser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9931-2271"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heike Leutheuser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU),Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab (MaD Lab),Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE),Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32133169,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.877097487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.8116990327835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7085504531860352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartphone-application","display_name":"Smartphone application","score":0.492168128490448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartwatch","display_name":"Smartwatch","score":0.47670501470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4310237169265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37283384799957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.318288117647171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1715209186077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.1402205228805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.0712815523147583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.877097487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.8116990327835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7085504531860352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020250448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620615","display_name":"Smartphone application","level":2,"score":0.492168128490448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29794715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5362345","display_name":"Smartwatch","level":3,"score":0.47670501470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4310237169265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37283384799957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.318288117647171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1715209186077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.1402205228805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0712815523147583}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340204","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:38082860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38082860","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338440","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Health","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19399978","https://openalex.org/W1975267419","https://openalex.org/W1982898684","https://openalex.org/W1985034572","https://openalex.org/W1989270564","https://openalex.org/W2001140692","https://openalex.org/W2020831098","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2164634968","https://openalex.org/W2327837743","https://openalex.org/W2522264526","https://openalex.org/W2525254614","https://openalex.org/W2533555125","https://openalex.org/W2591382767","https://openalex.org/W2620581970","https://openalex.org/W2767005907","https://openalex.org/W2802068140","https://openalex.org/W2803137095","https://openalex.org/W2804077058","https://openalex.org/W2889840646","https://openalex.org/W2896039453","https://openalex.org/W2905423445","https://openalex.org/W2919720720","https://openalex.org/W2943952292","https://openalex.org/W2955961229","https://openalex.org/W2967547559","https://openalex.org/W3126334599","https://openalex.org/W3149662011","https://openalex.org/W4200178081","https://openalex.org/W4200431116","https://openalex.org/W6600808634","https://openalex.org/W6751268638","https://openalex.org/W6804028740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235505747","https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W2509150193","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W2399063318","https://openalex.org/W1011691107","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W3140922578","https://openalex.org/W3041872367","https://openalex.org/W3125173527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smartphones":[0],"enable":[1],"and":[2,70,79,104,113,137,248],"facilitate":[3],"biomedical":[4,13],"studies":[5,25],"as":[6],"they":[7],"allow":[8],"the":[9,47,54,76,107,157,162,181,190,212,218,231,259],"recording":[10,74,109,213],"of":[11,49,101,174,217,233],"various":[12],"signals,":[14],"including":[15],"photoplethysmograms":[16],"(PPG).":[17],"However,":[18],"user":[19],"engagement":[20],"rates":[21],"in":[22,150],"mobile":[23],"health":[24],"are":[26],"reduced":[27],"when":[28],"an":[29,63],"application":[30],"(app)":[31],"needs":[32],"to":[33,88,156,230],"be":[34,38],"installed.":[35],"This":[36,153,227,240],"could":[37],"alleviated":[39],"by":[40],"using":[41,66,75,94],"installation-free":[42,236],"web":[43,68],"apps.":[44],"We":[45,61],"evaluate":[46],"feasibility":[48],"browser-based":[50,199],"PPG":[51,73,200],"recording,":[52],"conducting":[53],"first":[55],"usability":[56,116],"study":[57,65,99,228],"on":[58],"smartphone-based":[59],"PPG.":[60],"present":[62],"at-home":[64],"a":[67,102,114,169,223],"app":[69,167,262],"library":[71,83],"for":[72,144,161,194,246,261],"rear":[77],"camera":[78,220],"flash.":[80],"The":[81,98,166,215],"underlying":[82],"is":[84,179,189,201],"freely":[85],"made":[86],"available":[87],"researchers.":[89],"25":[90],"Android":[91],"users":[92],"participated,":[93],"their":[95],"own":[96],"smartphones.":[97],"consisted":[100],"demographic":[103],"anamnestic":[105],"questionnaire,":[106],"signal":[108,238],"itself":[110],"(60":[111],"s),":[112],"consecutive":[115],"questionnaire.":[117],"After":[118],"filtering,":[119],"heart":[120],"rate":[121],"was":[122,139,147,154],"extracted":[123],"(14/17":[124],"successful),":[125],"signal-to-noise":[126],"ratios":[127],"assessed":[128],"(0.64":[129],"\u00b1":[130,134,176],"0.50":[131],"dB,":[132],"mean":[133],"standard":[135],"deviation),":[136],"quality":[138],"visually":[140],"inspected":[141],"(12/17":[142],"usable":[143],"diagnosis).":[145],"Recording":[146],"not":[148,202],"supported":[149],"9":[151],"cases.":[152],"due":[155],"browser's":[158],"insufficient":[159],"support":[160,188],"flash":[163,186],"light":[164,187],"API.":[165],"received":[168],"System":[170],"Usability":[171],"Scale":[172],"score":[173],"82":[175],"9,":[177],"which":[178],"above":[180],"90th":[182],"percentile.":[183],"Overall,":[184],"browser":[185],"main":[191],"limiting":[192],"factor":[193],"broad":[195],"device":[196],"support.":[197],"Thus,":[198],"yet":[203],"widely":[204],"applicable,":[205],"although":[206],"most":[207],"participants":[208],"feel":[209],"comfortable":[210],"with":[211],"itself.":[214],"utilization":[216],"user-facing":[219],"might":[221],"represent":[222],"more":[224],"promising":[225],"approach.":[226],"contributes":[229],"development":[232],"low-barrier,":[234],"user-friendly,":[235],"smartphone":[237],"acquisition.":[239],"enables":[241],"profound,":[242],"comprehensive":[243],"data":[244],"collection":[245],"research":[247],"clinical":[249],"practice.Clinical":[250],"relevance-":[251],"WebPPG":[252],"offers":[253],"low-barrier":[254],"remote":[255],"diagnostic":[256],"capabilities":[257],"without":[258],"need":[260],"installation.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
