{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980144295","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","title":"Investigating Sex Differences in Classification of Five Emotions from EEG and Eye Movement Signals","display_name":"Investigating Sex Differences in Classification of Five Emotions from EEG and Eye Movement Signals","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980144295","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","mag":"2980144295","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31947389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018958375","display_name":"Lan-Qing Bao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lan-Qing Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sicence, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sicence, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058194829","display_name":"Jielin Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7384-1324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-Lin Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101745105","display_name":"Hao Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-0874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056335002","display_name":"Wei\u2010Long Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-6369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Long Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040440605","display_name":"Bao\u2010Liang Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-0058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bao-Liang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018958375"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74453871,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"6746","last_page":"6749"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"Disgust","score":0.8637130260467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.6427351832389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.6118277907371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.5636533498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duration","display_name":"Duration (music)","score":0.4345601797103882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.4163520932197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-detection","display_name":"Emotion detection","score":0.4131351411342621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4067354202270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.3909512460231781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.35105466842651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.3400103747844696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.19836440682411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.12487277388572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.09442612528800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06995204091072083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777375102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208351","display_name":"Disgust","level":3,"score":0.8637130260467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6427351832389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.6118277907371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.5636533498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.4345601797103882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.4163520932197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988148770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion detection","level":3,"score":0.4131351411342621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4067354202270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3909512460231781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.35105466842651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.3400103747844696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.19836440682411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.12487277388572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.09442612528800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06995204091072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012727","descriptor_name":"Sex Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012727","descriptor_name":"Sex Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012727","descriptor_name":"Sex Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:31947389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31947389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523385540","https://openalex.org/W1970727126","https://openalex.org/W1982517393","https://openalex.org/W2000567681","https://openalex.org/W2002565627","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2075373176","https://openalex.org/W2079080177","https://openalex.org/W2079115142","https://openalex.org/W2105582539","https://openalex.org/W2129579709","https://openalex.org/W2136128129","https://openalex.org/W2407512993","https://openalex.org/W2766825571","https://openalex.org/W2766943263","https://openalex.org/W2767003866","https://openalex.org/W2901809396","https://openalex.org/W2945331847","https://openalex.org/W6631216910","https://openalex.org/W6651365498","https://openalex.org/W6713572877","https://openalex.org/W6745651268","https://openalex.org/W6756328231"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3199829813","https://openalex.org/W2336827033","https://openalex.org/W2505228240","https://openalex.org/W4319430321","https://openalex.org/W4389296211","https://openalex.org/W2922915988","https://openalex.org/W4377704381","https://openalex.org/W2787157782","https://openalex.org/W1876223856","https://openalex.org/W2086792878"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"People":[0],"generally":[1],"agree":[2],"that":[3],"emotion":[4,81],"processing":[5],"differs":[6],"between":[7,120],"male":[8,94,121],"and":[9,21,38,88,95,104,117,122,127],"female.":[10],"However,":[11],"current":[12],"hypothesis":[13],"of":[14,70,110],"sex":[15,30,51],"differences":[16,52,109],"needs":[17],"more":[18],"objective":[19],"evidence":[20],"quantitative":[22],"assessment.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"we":[27,59],"investigate":[28,50],"the":[29,61,114],"difference":[31],"in":[32,78,113],"classifying":[33],"ve":[34],"emotions":[35],"from":[36,53,91],"eletroencephalograph":[37],"eye":[39],"movement":[40],"signals.":[41],"We":[42],"adopt":[43],"two":[44],"neural-network-based":[45],"clas-si":[46],"ers":[47],"to":[48,93],"objectively":[49],"different":[54,101],"perspectives.":[55],"From":[56],"experimental":[57],"results,":[58],"nd":[60],"following":[62],"three":[63],"observations:":[64],"(1)":[65],"a":[66],"general":[67],"higher":[68],"accuracy":[69],"same-sex":[71],"strategy":[72],"suggests":[73],"sex-speci":[74],"c":[75],"factors":[76],"have":[77],"uence":[79],"on":[80],"classi":[82],"cation;":[83],"(2)":[84],"both":[85],"blink":[86],"duration":[87],"frequency":[89],"differ":[90],"female":[92,123],"they":[96],"are":[97,107],"negatively":[98],"correlated":[99],"under":[100],"emotional":[102],"states;":[103],"(3)":[105],"there":[106],"larger":[108],"brain":[111],"activities":[112],"Theta,":[115],"Alpha,":[116],"Beta":[118],"bands":[119],"for":[124],"disgust,":[125],"sad,":[126],"neutral":[128],"emotions.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}