{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2979455506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","title":"Sex Difference in EEG Functional Connectivity during Sleep Stages and Resting Wake State Based on Weighted Phase Lag Index","display_name":"Sex Difference in EEG Functional Connectivity during Sleep Stages and Resting Wake State Based on Weighted Phase Lag Index","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2979455506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","mag":"2979455506","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31945981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076129264","display_name":"Yuanyuan Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0514-4535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024409834","display_name":"Guolin Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guolin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090177105","display_name":"Yuxi Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-0064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-xi Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71142124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"648","last_page":"651"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-rapid-eye-movement-sleep","display_name":"Non-rapid eye movement sleep","score":0.8570923209190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7744681239128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.6843088865280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.6429828405380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"Sleep Stages","score":0.6216934323310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-complex","display_name":"K-complex","score":0.5458382368087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-eye-movement-sleep","display_name":"Rapid eye movement sleep","score":0.5337570309638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-lag","display_name":"Phase lag","score":0.5137744545936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5021543502807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.47090840339660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhythm","display_name":"Rhythm","score":0.4550638198852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.44739827513694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","score":0.4387870728969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lag","display_name":"Lag","score":0.41753101348876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slow-wave-sleep","display_name":"Slow-wave sleep","score":0.41063234210014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2345394790172577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.2341141402721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.2263609766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.185735821723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1165316104888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.07116904854774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0590270459651947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20566671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752878","display_name":"Non-rapid eye movement sleep","level":3,"score":0.8570923209190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7744681239128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.6843088865280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.6429828405380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.6216934323310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112144039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4994651","display_name":"K-complex","level":4,"score":0.5458382368087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779213384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211402","display_name":"Rapid eye movement sleep","level":3,"score":0.5337570309638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983665814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17120908","display_name":"Phase lag","level":2,"score":0.5137744545936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5021543502807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.47090840339660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135343436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406","display_name":"Rhythm","level":2,"score":0.4550638198852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.44739827513694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4387870728969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75778745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q342626","display_name":"Lag","level":2,"score":0.41753101348876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110539466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3964845","display_name":"Slow-wave sleep","level":3,"score":0.41063234210014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2345394790172577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2341141402721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.2263609766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.185735821723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1165316104888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07116904854774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0590270459651947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014851","descriptor_name":"Wakefulness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014851","descriptor_name":"Wakefulness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014851","descriptor_name":"Wakefulness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:31945981","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31945981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966641148","https://openalex.org/W2061072984","https://openalex.org/W2083224099","https://openalex.org/W2096109037","https://openalex.org/W2115504852","https://openalex.org/W2158935941","https://openalex.org/W2162534000","https://openalex.org/W2339586650","https://openalex.org/W2414034971","https://openalex.org/W2505914565","https://openalex.org/W2766670994","https://openalex.org/W6716248065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2954331597","https://openalex.org/W2147008072","https://openalex.org/W2342453365","https://openalex.org/W2403613045","https://openalex.org/W2229463916","https://openalex.org/W2311117709","https://openalex.org/W2013730087","https://openalex.org/W2044933377","https://openalex.org/W2079856030","https://openalex.org/W4375851565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Men":[0],"and":[1,11,21,35,54,66,77,83,89,117,137,153],"women":[2,70],"were":[3,112],"reported":[4],"to":[5,168],"be":[6,126,166],"different":[7,110,144,148],"in":[8,63,69,71,79,81,86,104,114,129,147,172],"brain":[9],"structure":[10],"sleep":[12,19,30,133,145],"patterns.":[13,174],"Here":[14],"we":[15],"analyzed":[16,53],"the":[17,100,130,140,160,169],"region,":[18],"stage":[20,49,88],"frequency":[22,149],"band-specific":[23],"EEG":[24,50,107],"synchronization":[25,57,108],"intensity":[26,142],"of":[27,32,106,132,143,151,162],"whole":[28],"night":[29],"recording":[31],"14":[33,36],"male":[34,116,152],"age-matched":[37],"female":[38,118,154],"subjects":[39],"by":[40],"calculating":[41],"weighted":[42],"phase":[43],"lag":[44],"indexes.":[45],"Moreover,":[46,139],"resting":[47],"wakeful":[48,87],"was":[51,156],"also":[52],"compared.":[55],"The":[56],"intensities":[58],"showed":[59],"significant":[60],"gender":[61,170],"differences":[62,128,171],"all":[64],"stages":[65,111,146],"bands:":[67],"higher":[68,78],"non-rapid":[72],"eye":[73,91],"movement":[74,92],"(NREM)":[75],"sleep,":[76],"men":[80,136],"\u03b1":[82,98],"\u03b2":[84],"bands":[85,150],"rapid":[90],"(REM)":[93],"sleep.":[94],"However,":[95],"Except":[96],"for":[97],"band,":[99],"similar":[101],"changing":[102],"trends":[103],"characteristics":[105],"during":[109],"found":[113],"both":[115],"subjects.":[119],"These":[120],"results":[121],"suggest":[122],"that":[123],"there":[124],"may":[125,165],"some":[127],"mechanisms":[131],"regulation":[134],"between":[135],"women.":[138],"synchronous":[141],"groups":[155],"not":[157],"consistent":[158],"with":[159],"influence":[161],"age,":[163],"which":[164],"related":[167],"aging":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}