{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898901920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","title":"Effect of Botulinum Toxin on the Spatial Distribution of Biceps Brachii EMG Activity Using a Grid of Surface Electrodes: A Case Study","display_name":"Effect of Botulinum Toxin on the Spatial Distribution of Biceps Brachii EMG Activity Using a Grid of Surface Electrodes: A Case Study","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898901920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","mag":"2898901920","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30441397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067826845","display_name":"Babak Afsharipour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2076-4502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babak Afsharipour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091007648","display_name":"Sourav Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-0539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sourav Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032196147","display_name":"Jongsang Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-5058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongsang Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028505464","display_name":"William Z. Rymer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-4236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Z. Rymer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035777300","display_name":"Nina L. Suresh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6370-3166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina L. Suresh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arms + Hands Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation of Northwestern University, 355 East Erie Street, Chicago, IL, 60611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3384,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64462737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"4693","last_page":"4696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11274","display_name":"Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11274","display_name":"Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.7697675228118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biceps","display_name":"Biceps","score":0.7675352096557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isometric-exercise","display_name":"Isometric exercise","score":0.7401738166809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5734356045722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biceps-brachii-muscle","display_name":"Biceps brachii muscle","score":0.5590462684631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botulinum-toxin","display_name":"Botulinum toxin","score":0.5526196360588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.5416074991226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elbow","display_name":"Elbow","score":0.5249790549278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-unit-recruitment","display_name":"Motor unit recruitment","score":0.45160022377967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.4436190128326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trapezius-muscle","display_name":"Trapezius muscle","score":0.4264104664325714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spasticity","display_name":"Spasticity","score":0.4114512503147125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3588268756866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.34165158867836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy","display_name":"Physical therapy","score":0.29806721210479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthesia","display_name":"Anesthesia","score":0.29611706733703613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.7697675228118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781425419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201363","display_name":"Biceps","level":2,"score":0.7675352096557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103486182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216236","display_name":"Isometric exercise","level":2,"score":0.7401738166809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5734356045722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909441243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201363","display_name":"Biceps brachii muscle","level":3,"score":0.5590462684631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777478456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208413","display_name":"Botulinum toxin","level":2,"score":0.5526196360588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5416074991226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781184374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586","display_name":"Elbow","level":2,"score":0.5249790549278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173172909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918207","display_name":"Motor unit recruitment","level":3,"score":0.45160022377967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4436190128326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776116199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204113","display_name":"Trapezius muscle","level":3,"score":0.4264104664325714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779012798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117060","display_name":"Spasticity","level":2,"score":0.4114512503147125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3588268756866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.34165158867836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.29806721210479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.29611706733703613}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001905","descriptor_name":"Botulinum Toxins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001905","descriptor_name":"Botulinum Toxins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001905","descriptor_name":"Botulinum Toxins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:30441397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30441397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129266616","https://openalex.org/W1569059855","https://openalex.org/W1979791637","https://openalex.org/W1995419892","https://openalex.org/W2044346482","https://openalex.org/W2161282086","https://openalex.org/W2170221809","https://openalex.org/W2596765938","https://openalex.org/W2604391648","https://openalex.org/W2913596958"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061117297","https://openalex.org/W1803449675","https://openalex.org/W613451084","https://openalex.org/W3204213253","https://openalex.org/W2020118897","https://openalex.org/W2289309628","https://openalex.org/W1995924836","https://openalex.org/W1986187554","https://openalex.org/W2046719527","https://openalex.org/W562542126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Botulinum":[0],"toxin":[1,275,306],"(BT)":[2],"is":[3],"widely":[4],"prescribed":[5],"by":[6,57,92,249],"physicians":[7],"for":[8,197],"managing":[9],"spasticity":[10],"post":[11,236],"stroke.":[12],"In":[13,258],"an":[14,63,86,298],"ongoing":[15],"study,":[16],"we":[17,67,79,106,260],"examine":[18],"the":[19,38,95,121,134,155,162,168,178,198,201,215,228,250,253,266,280,302],"spatial":[20,229],"pattern":[21,180,232,269,288],"of":[22,28,40,89,138,147,161,167,181,218,233,255,263,265,270,282,301,304],"muscle":[23,55,135,183,256,271],"activity":[24,136,272],"in":[25,62,120,177,191],"biceps":[26,122],"brachii":[27,123],"stroke":[29,115],"survivors":[30],"before":[31,45],"and":[32,66,98,235,246,268,277],"after":[33,184,273],"receiving":[34,185],"BT,":[35],"examined":[36],"over":[37],"course":[39],"11":[41],"weeks":[42,44,48,220],"(2":[43],"-":[46],"9":[47],"after).":[49],"We":[50,153,173,222,240],"hypothesize":[51],"that":[52],"BT":[53,118,202,237,251],"alters":[54],"electrophysiology":[56],"disrupting":[58],"fiber":[59,96],"neuromuscular":[60],"transmission":[61],"inhomogeneous":[64],"manner":[65],"seek":[68],"to":[69,84,132,285,296],"detect":[70,286],"these":[71,287],"changes":[72,176],"using":[73],"grid":[74,129,283],"surface":[75],"electromyography":[76],"(sEMG).":[77],"Also,":[78],"obtained":[80,154],"B-mode":[81],"ultrasound":[82],"images":[83],"have":[85],"accurate":[87],"interpretation":[88],"sEMG":[90,127,192],"data":[91],"looking":[93],"at":[94,145,165,214,308],"angle":[97],"subcutaneous":[99],"fat":[100],"thickness":[101],"distribution":[102,137,254],"across":[103],"muscle.":[104],"Here,":[105],"are":[107],"reporting":[108],"a":[109,113,243],"single":[110],"case":[111],"where":[112],"chronic":[114],"survivor":[116],"received":[117],"injection":[119,203,276,307],"(BB).":[124],"A":[125],"16x8":[126],"electrode":[128],"was":[130,195],"used":[131],"capture":[133],"BB":[139,182],"during":[140],"sustained":[141],"non-fatiguing":[142],"isometric":[143],"contraction":[144],"40%":[146],"maximal":[148],"voluntary":[149,230],"(MVC)":[150],"elbow":[151,210],"flexion.":[152],"root":[156],"mean":[157],"squared":[158],"(RMS)":[159,194],"maps":[160],"signal":[163],"recorded":[164],"each":[166],"$16":[169],"\\times":[170],"8$":[171],"electrodes.":[172],"observed":[174,196,242,261],"substantial":[175],"RMS":[179,238],"BT.":[186],"More":[187],"than":[188],"80%":[189],"decrease":[190],"amplitude":[193,267],"channels":[199],"around":[200],"site":[204],"as":[205,207],"well":[206],"about":[208],"74%":[209],"flexion":[211],"force":[212],"reduction":[213],"time":[216],"point":[217],"3-4":[219],"post-injection.":[221],"also":[223],"found":[224],"significant":[225],"differences":[226],"between":[227],"activation":[231],"pre":[234],"maps.":[239],"further":[241,294],"non-uniform":[244],"effect":[245,303],"recovery":[247],"caused":[248],"on":[252],"activity.":[257],"conclusion,":[259],"evidence":[262],"alteration":[264],"botulinum":[274,305],"can":[278],"document":[279],"capability":[281],"recordings":[284],"changes.":[289],"Our":[290],"major":[291],"goals":[292],"target":[293],"investigation":[295],"provide":[297],"indepth":[299],"understanding":[300],"motor":[309],"unit":[310],"level.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
