{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898636562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","title":"Identification of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Utilizing a Single Self-recorded 20-step Walking Test Acquired by Smartphone\u2019s Inertial Measurement Unit","display_name":"Identification of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Utilizing a Single Self-recorded 20-step Walking Test Acquired by Smartphone\u2019s Inertial Measurement Unit","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898636562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","mag":"2898636562","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30441010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038762911","display_name":"Saeed Mehrang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-2868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Mehrang","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111516897","display_name":"M. Jauhiainen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milla Jauhiainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047427062","display_name":"Julia Pietil\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1704-1701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Pietila","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030550287","display_name":"Juha Puustinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-1539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112236","display_name":"Satakunta Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/020rvjj03","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112236"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juha Puustinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Neurology, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Satakunta, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Neurology, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Satakunta, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090878917","display_name":"Jari Ruokolainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-9507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jari Ruokolainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Information Management, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Information Management, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061303740","display_name":"Hannu Nieminen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-2604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannu Nieminen","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, FI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0153,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76907247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"2913","last_page":"2916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.6699162721633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6444914937019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.585951030254364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","score":0.5323997139930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48715683817863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.48199668526649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinsons-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.4352874755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.42520102858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/units-of-measurement","display_name":"Units of measurement","score":0.42280715703964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.3748834431171417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2668812870979309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.26468175649642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.25199127197265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08456835150718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0778343677520752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.6699162721633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6444914937019348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.585951030254364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.5323997139930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48715683817863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.48199668526649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.4352874755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.42520102858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151233233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47574","display_name":"Units of measurement","level":2,"score":0.42280715703964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3748834431171417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2668812870979309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.26468175649642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25199127197265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08456835150718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0778343677520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014202","descriptor_name":"Tremor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014202","descriptor_name":"Tremor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014202","descriptor_name":"Tremor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512921","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:30441010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30441010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797580880","https://openalex.org/W1973259427","https://openalex.org/W1986118996","https://openalex.org/W2035712659","https://openalex.org/W2095134828","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2127299831","https://openalex.org/W2148969844","https://openalex.org/W2296350496","https://openalex.org/W2328885510","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2584311212","https://openalex.org/W2606048121","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973973903","https://openalex.org/W2992410632","https://openalex.org/W2025756212","https://openalex.org/W1967422967","https://openalex.org/W2029881158","https://openalex.org/W3196140453","https://openalex.org/W2978426962","https://openalex.org/W3044242125","https://openalex.org/W2768468910","https://openalex.org/W2037990170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson's":[0],"disease":[1],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3,29],"a":[4,102,169,208],"degenerative":[5],"and":[6,22,34,58,119,124,128,134,163,166,184,200],"long-term":[7],"disorder":[8],"of":[9,27,71,95,142,153,173,190],"the":[10,25,93,154],"central":[11],"nervous":[12],"system,":[13],"which":[14],"often":[15],"causes":[16],"motor":[17,69],"symptoms,":[18],"e.g.,":[19],"tremor,":[20],"rigidity,":[21],"slowness.":[23],"Currently,":[24],"diagnosis":[26],"PD":[28,50,72,97,127,199],"based":[30,206],"on":[31,207],"patient":[32],"history":[33],"clinical":[35],"examination.":[36],"Technology-derived":[37],"decision":[38],"support":[39],"systems":[40],"utilizing,":[41],"for":[42],"example,":[43],"sensor-rich":[44],"smartphones":[45],"can":[46,73,203],"facilitate":[47],"more":[48,59],"accurate":[49],"diagnosis.":[51],"These":[52],"technologies":[53],"could":[54],"provide":[55],"less":[56],"obtrusive":[57],"comfortable":[60],"remote":[61],"symptom":[62],"monitoring.":[63],"The":[64,82,177,195],"recent":[65],"studies":[66],"showed":[67],"that":[68,198],"symptoms":[70],"reliably":[74],"be":[75,204],"detected":[76],"from":[77,98,160],"data":[78],"gathered":[79,214],"via":[80],"smartphones.":[81,143],"current":[83],"study":[84],"utilized":[85],"an":[86,186],"open-access":[87],"dataset":[88],"named":[89],"\"mPower\"":[90],"to":[91],"assess":[92],"feasibility":[94],"discriminating":[96],"non-PD":[99,129,201],"by":[100,139,148,215],"analyzing":[101],"single":[103,209],"self-administered":[104,211],"20-step":[105],"walking":[106,212],"test.":[107],"From":[108],"this":[109],"dataset,":[110],"1237":[111],"subjects":[112],"(616":[113],"had":[114],"PD)":[115],"who":[116],"were":[117,122,137,146,158],"age":[118],"gender":[120],"matched":[121],"selected":[123],"classified":[125],"into":[126,168],"categories.":[130],"Linear":[131],"acceleration":[132],"(ACC)":[133],"gyroscope":[135],"(GYRO)":[136],"recorded":[138],"built-in":[140,217],"sensors":[141],"Walking":[144],"bouts":[145],"extracted":[147],"thresholding":[149],"signal":[150],"magnitude":[151],"area":[152],"ACC":[155,162],"signals.":[156],"Features":[157],"computed":[159],"both":[161],"GYRO":[164],"signals":[165],"fed":[167],"random":[170],"forest":[171],"classifier":[172,178],"size":[174],"128":[175],"trees.":[176],"was":[179],"evaluated":[180],"deploying":[181],"100-fold":[182],"cross-validation":[183],"provided":[185],"accumulated":[187],"accuracy":[188],"rate":[189],"0.7":[191],"after":[192],"10k":[193],"validations.":[194],"results":[196],"show":[197],"patients":[202],"separated":[205],"short-lasting":[210],"test":[213],"smartphones'":[216],"inertial":[218],"measurement":[219],"units.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}