{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2899435053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","title":"Spectral Estimation Methods for Evaluating iPPG Pulse Rate Variability","display_name":"Spectral Estimation Methods for Evaluating iPPG Pulse Rate Variability","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2899435053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","mag":"2899435053","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30440572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681741","display_name":"Daniel McDuff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-0082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel McDuff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010983521","display_name":"Ethan B. Blackford","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ethan Blackford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineer at Ball Aerospace, Fairborn, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineer at Ball Aerospace, Fairborn, OH, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084760582","display_name":"Justin R. Estepp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-9582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482673","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate","ror":"https://ror.org/00z65zs77","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4388482673","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Estepp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate, Rome, NY, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate, Rome, NY, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I4388482673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"1054","last_page":"1057"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6226583123207092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.5473759174346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.526045560836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49467822909355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4793839454650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.4618624150753021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-analysis","display_name":"Spectral analysis","score":0.45252954959869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.43446317315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-density-estimation","display_name":"Spectral density estimation","score":0.4332680404186249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.36822688579559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2506789267063141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.15131160616874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.14593064785003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10199970006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09330689907073975}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6226583123207092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.5473759174346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.526045560836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49467822909355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4793839454650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.4618624150753021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983668108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280453","display_name":"Spectral analysis","level":3,"score":0.45252954959869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.43446317315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30049272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6555326","display_name":"Spectral density estimation","level":3,"score":0.4332680404186249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.36822688579559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2506789267063141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.15131160616874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.14593064785003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10199970006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09330689907073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001341","descriptor_name":"Autonomic Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001341","descriptor_name":"Autonomic Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001341","descriptor_name":"Autonomic Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:30440572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30440572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967900132","https://openalex.org/W1974618482","https://openalex.org/W1982798168","https://openalex.org/W1984554603","https://openalex.org/W1986316936","https://openalex.org/W1986618684","https://openalex.org/W1995884363","https://openalex.org/W2003922338","https://openalex.org/W2008821584","https://openalex.org/W2010270685","https://openalex.org/W2026347416","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2087766611","https://openalex.org/W2089798151","https://openalex.org/W2120599197","https://openalex.org/W2125885409","https://openalex.org/W2145381462","https://openalex.org/W2313602734"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3091875214","https://openalex.org/W4230751513","https://openalex.org/W2187009892","https://openalex.org/W2007390852","https://openalex.org/W2048672698","https://openalex.org/W1970480852","https://openalex.org/W2057370828","https://openalex.org/W4240887063","https://openalex.org/W1491812406","https://openalex.org/W2150106636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-contact":[0],"measurement":[1],"of":[2,23,48,50,70],"physiological":[3],"parameters,":[4],"like":[5],"pulse":[6,38],"rate":[7,39],"variability":[8,40],"(PRV),":[9],"has":[10,79],"numerous":[11],"applications":[12],"in":[13,67,84],"medicine":[14],"and":[15,57,86,97],"affective":[16],"computing.":[17],"PRV":[18,51],"is":[19,35],"an":[20],"informative":[21],"measure":[22],"autonomic":[24],"nervous":[25],"system":[26],"activity.":[27],"Spectral":[28,59,76],"estimation":[29],"from":[30,94],"unevenly":[31],"sampled,":[32],"non-stationary":[33],"data":[34,96],"integral":[36],"to":[37],"frequency-domain":[41],"analysis.":[42],"We":[43,88],"present":[44],"the":[45,54,68,74],"first":[46],"comparison":[47],"results":[49,93],"computation":[52],"using":[53],"Lomb-Scargle":[55,62],"method":[56,63,78],"Bayesian":[58,75],"Estimation.":[60],"The":[61],"performs":[64],"well,":[65],"even":[66],"presence":[69],"missing":[71],"beats.":[72],"However,":[73],"Estimation":[77],"advantages":[80],"when":[81],"tracking":[82],"changes":[83],"amplitude":[85],"frequency.":[87],"illustrate":[89],"these":[90],"characteristics":[91],"with":[92],"synthetic":[95],"real":[98],"non-contact":[99],"imaging":[100],"photoplethysmography":[101],"measurements.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
