{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2756255870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","title":"Independent component analysis-based spatial filtering improves template-based SSVEP detection","display_name":"Independent component analysis-based spatial filtering improves template-based SSVEP detection","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2756255870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","mag":"2756255870","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007114409","display_name":"Masaki Nakanishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-072X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masaki Nakanishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100713695","display_name":"Yijun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-2150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China","Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078982585","display_name":"Sheng-Hsiou Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-9958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Hsiou Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034708041","display_name":"Yu-Te Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-5236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Te Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China","Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055443847","display_name":"Tzyy\u2010Ping Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzyy-Ping Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007114409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5271,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65055319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"3620","last_page":"3623"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-component-analysis","display_name":"Independent component analysis","score":0.853093147277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canonical-correlation","display_name":"Canonical correlation","score":0.8463507890701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.780841588973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.723089337348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6914238929748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.658953070640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-filter","display_name":"Spatial filter","score":0.5919499397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.5550103783607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component-analysis","display_name":"Component analysis","score":0.5139350295066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/template-matching","display_name":"Template matching","score":0.507459819316864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.4643310606479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4409494996070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.429738312959671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15809068083763123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13044455647468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07154041528701782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51432778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259145","display_name":"Independent component analysis","level":2,"score":0.853093147277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153874254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115542","display_name":"Canonical correlation","level":2,"score":0.8463507890701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.780841588973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.723089337348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6914238929748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.658953070640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121475858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2735911","display_name":"Spatial filter","level":2,"score":0.5919499397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5550103783607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780692498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16950721","display_name":"Component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5139350295066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158096908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983303","display_name":"Template matching","level":3,"score":0.507459819316864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.4643310606479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4409494996070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.429738312959671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15809068083763123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13044455647468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07154041528701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005074","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:29060682","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968916327","https://openalex.org/W1990947104","https://openalex.org/W1994855515","https://openalex.org/W2041998778","https://openalex.org/W2051360945","https://openalex.org/W2056738334","https://openalex.org/W2079277602","https://openalex.org/W2098725211","https://openalex.org/W2105478324","https://openalex.org/W2109008357","https://openalex.org/W2121538726","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2132876794","https://openalex.org/W2338492816","https://openalex.org/W4232944527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2295974754","https://openalex.org/W1971575144","https://openalex.org/W2369494890","https://openalex.org/W2139404519","https://openalex.org/W1513845058","https://openalex.org/W2121025724","https://openalex.org/W2124634097","https://openalex.org/W2393502243","https://openalex.org/W2123927273","https://openalex.org/W3112853371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,82,120],"study":[1,83,121,150],"proposes":[2,84],"a":[3,15,40,127],"new":[4],"algorithm":[5],"to":[6,69,85,91,104,126,131,173],"detect":[7],"steady-state":[8],"visual":[9],"evoked":[10],"potentials":[11],"(SSVEPs)":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14],"template-matching":[16],"approach":[17],"combined":[18],"with":[19],"independent":[20,59],"component":[21],"analysis":[22,143],"(ICA)-based":[23],"spatial":[24,89],"filtering.":[25],"In":[26],"recent":[27],"studies,":[28],"the":[29,32,71,87,106,110,123,154,158,164,174,184],"effectiveness":[30],"of":[31,75,163,183],"template-based":[33],"SSVEP":[34,118,129],"detection":[35],"has":[36,66],"been":[37],"demonstrated":[38],"in":[39,161],"high-speed":[41],"brain-computer":[42],"interface":[43],"(BCI).":[44],"Since":[45],"SSVEPs":[46,76],"can":[47],"be":[48],"considered":[49],"as":[50,115],"electroencephalogram":[51],"(EEG)":[52],"signals":[53],"generated":[54],"from":[55,60,80],"underlying":[56],"brain":[57],"sources":[58],"other":[61,159],"activities":[62],"and":[63,94,102,113,145,177],"artifacts,":[64],"ICA":[65],"great":[67],"potential":[68],"enhance":[70],"signal-to-noise":[72],"ratio":[73],"(SNR)":[74],"by":[77,98,139],"separating":[78],"them":[79],"artifacts.":[81],"apply":[86],"ICA-based":[88,155],"filters":[90],"test":[92],"data":[93,112],"individual":[95],"templates":[96,114],"obtained":[97,138],"averaging":[99],"training":[100],"trials,":[101],"then":[103],"use":[105],"correlation":[107,142],"coefficients":[108],"between":[109],"filtered":[111],"features":[116],"for":[117],"classification.":[119],"applied":[122],"proposed":[124],"method":[125,156],"40-class":[128],"dataset":[130],"evaluate":[132],"its":[133,168],"classification":[134,165],"accuracy":[135],"against":[136],"those":[137],"conventional":[140],"canonical":[141],"(CCA)-":[144],"extended":[146,185],"CCA-based":[147,175,186],"methods.":[148],"The":[149],"results":[151],"showed":[152],"that":[153,182],"outperformed":[157],"methods":[160],"terms":[162],"accuracy.":[166],"Furthermore,":[167],"computational":[169],"time":[170],"was":[171,178],"comparable":[172],"method,":[176],"much":[179],"shorter":[180],"than":[181],"method.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}