{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2754313414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","title":"Character recognition from trajectory by recurrent spiking neural networks","display_name":"Character recognition from trajectory by recurrent spiking neural networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2754313414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","mag":"2754313414","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007758616","display_name":"Jiangrong Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-3779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiangrong Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kang Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741363","display_name":"Yueming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-0722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084291326","display_name":"Gang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-6181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007758616"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76415695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"2900","last_page":"2903"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.815038800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7777444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7193766832351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.7136949300765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-neural-network","display_name":"Random neural network","score":0.6676641702651978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.6543571949005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6442635655403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.6002286076545715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5977333188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.5804907083511353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5408973693847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5329967737197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45286083221435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/types-of-artificial-neural-networks","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","score":0.44686359167099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.44270190596580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.414314866065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08556661009788513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.815038800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7193766832351685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.7136949300765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33010914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291980","display_name":"Random neural network","level":4,"score":0.6676641702651978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.6543571949005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6442635655403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.6002286076545715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5977333188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5804907083511353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5408973693847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5329967737197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45286083221435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.44686359167099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44270190596580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.414314866065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08556661009788513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:29060504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W315894690","https://openalex.org/W1497193185","https://openalex.org/W1499864241","https://openalex.org/W2100324194","https://openalex.org/W2115831804","https://openalex.org/W2119074614","https://openalex.org/W2128367023","https://openalex.org/W2130974072","https://openalex.org/W2137383364","https://openalex.org/W2142770417","https://openalex.org/W2155212997","https://openalex.org/W2165639766","https://openalex.org/W2549653513","https://openalex.org/W2569813014","https://openalex.org/W2963887857","https://openalex.org/W3106242178","https://openalex.org/W4232099935","https://openalex.org/W4238614602","https://openalex.org/W6629976966","https://openalex.org/W6680351714","https://openalex.org/W6683006896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089892344","https://openalex.org/W2960220682","https://openalex.org/W4313442939","https://openalex.org/W4386227293","https://openalex.org/W4372267706","https://openalex.org/W2885510266","https://openalex.org/W2754313414","https://openalex.org/W4385965729","https://openalex.org/W3006966652","https://openalex.org/W4317438634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spiking":[0],"neural":[1,13,38,50],"networks":[2,14,39],"are":[3,74,98],"biologically":[4],"plausible":[5],"and":[6],"power-efficient":[7],"on":[8,21,100],"neuromorphic":[9],"hardware,":[10],"while":[11],"recurrent":[12,30,48,78],"have":[15],"been":[16],"proven":[17],"to":[18,27,32,83],"be":[19],"efficient":[20],"time":[22,69],"series":[23],"data.":[24],"However,":[25],"how":[26],"use":[28],"the":[29,34,58,85,104],"property":[31],"improve":[33,84],"performance":[35],"of":[36,71,88,103,110],"spiking":[37,49],"is":[40,64,81],"still":[41],"a":[42,47,60,120],"problem.":[43],"This":[44,80],"paper":[45],"proposes":[46],"network":[51],"for":[52],"character":[53,105],"recognition":[54,123],"using":[55],"trajectories.":[56],"In":[57],"network,":[59],"new":[61],"encoding":[62,94],"method":[63,117],"designed,":[65],"in":[66,76],"which":[67],"varying":[68],"ranges":[70],"input":[72],"streams":[73],"used":[75],"different":[77],"layers.":[79],"able":[82],"generalization":[86],"ability":[87],"our":[89,116],"model":[90],"compared":[91],"with":[92],"general":[93],"methods.":[95,127],"The":[96,112],"experiments":[97],"conducted":[99],"four":[101],"groups":[102],"data":[106],"set":[107],"from":[108],"University":[109],"Edinburgh.":[111],"results":[113],"show":[114],"that":[115],"can":[118],"achieve":[119],"higher":[121],"average":[122],"accuracy":[124],"than":[125],"existing":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
