{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2754879033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","title":"Using LSTMs to learn physiological models of blood glucose behavior","display_name":"Using LSTMs to learn physiological models of blood glucose behavior","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2754879033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","mag":"2754879033","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7888239","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033659202","display_name":"Sadegh Mirshekarian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadegh Mirshekarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020435927","display_name":"R\u0103zvan Bunescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-3566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Razvan Bunescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019188296","display_name":"Cindy Marling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4155-5155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cindy Marling","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008903895","display_name":"Frank Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-8985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, 45701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":103,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"2887","last_page":"2891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11623","display_name":"Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7258739471435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.6638551950454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6084070801734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-short-term-memory","display_name":"Long short term memory","score":0.5724973082542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-sugar-regulation","display_name":"Blood sugar regulation","score":0.5111024975776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5015153884887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.48294633626937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40502142906188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin","display_name":"Insulin","score":0.35407179594039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.16405946016311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.12692159414291382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7258739471435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.6638551950454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6084070801734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133488467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673524","display_name":"Long short term memory","level":4,"score":0.5724973082542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76923068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3455903","display_name":"Blood sugar regulation","level":3,"score":0.5111024975776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5015153884887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.48294633626937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40502142906188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.35407179594039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.16405946016311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12692159414291382}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057567","descriptor_name":"Memory, Long-Term","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057567","descriptor_name":"Memory, Long-Term","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:29060501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7888239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7888239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7888239","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7888239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8412497098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 EB022356","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38635166","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1536005935","https://openalex.org/W1591801644","https://openalex.org/W1603631609","https://openalex.org/W1899504021","https://openalex.org/W1964357740","https://openalex.org/W1983040791","https://openalex.org/W1985379241","https://openalex.org/W2003643515","https://openalex.org/W2017294614","https://openalex.org/W2043288815","https://openalex.org/W2046831337","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2072128103","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2111163400","https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2138790391","https://openalex.org/W2157856672","https://openalex.org/W2161767719","https://openalex.org/W2166485949","https://openalex.org/W2169854746","https://openalex.org/W2218089048","https://openalex.org/W2523526638","https://openalex.org/W2532437709","https://openalex.org/W2769264260","https://openalex.org/W2790374560","https://openalex.org/W3146803896","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W4240958134","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6631636882","https://openalex.org/W6631943919","https://openalex.org/W6635446068","https://openalex.org/W6641163509","https://openalex.org/W6688281636","https://openalex.org/W6727730029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008584592","https://openalex.org/W2912153778","https://openalex.org/W4288108708","https://openalex.org/W4387163678","https://openalex.org/W2973430807","https://openalex.org/W4385280324","https://openalex.org/W2890685186","https://openalex.org/W2984436043","https://openalex.org/W4390245176","https://openalex.org/W3173606726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"people":[1],"with":[2,135],"type":[3],"1":[4],"diabetes,":[5],"good":[6],"blood":[7,23,39,53,66,79,116],"glucose":[8,24,40,54,67,80],"control":[9],"is":[10],"essential":[11],"to":[12,51,86,110],"keeping":[13],"serious":[14],"disease":[15],"complications":[16],"at":[17],"bay.":[18],"This":[19],"entails":[20],"carefully":[21],"monitoring":[22],"levels":[25,41],"and":[26,76],"taking":[27],"corrective":[28],"steps":[29,50],"whenever":[30],"they":[31],"are":[32,84,133],"too":[33,36],"high":[34],"or":[35],"low.":[37],"If":[38],"could":[42,47],"be":[43],"accurately":[44],"predicted,":[45],"patients":[46],"take":[48],"proactive":[49],"prevent":[52],"excursions":[55],"from":[56,123],"occurring.":[57],"However,":[58],"accurate":[59],"predictions":[60],"require":[61],"complex":[62],"physiological":[63,113,144,152],"models":[64],"of":[65,115,165],"behavior.":[68],"Factors":[69],"such":[70],"as":[71],"insulin":[72],"boluses,":[73],"carbohydrate":[74],"intake,":[75],"exercise":[77],"influence":[78],"in":[81,168],"ways":[82],"that":[83,103,132],"difficult":[85],"capture":[87],"through":[88],"manually":[89,142],"engineered":[90,143],"equations.":[91,145],"In":[92],"this":[93],"paper,":[94],"we":[95],"describe":[96],"a":[97,112,136],"recursive":[98],"neural":[99],"network":[100],"(RNN)":[101],"approach":[102,148],"uses":[104],"long":[105],"short-term":[106],"memory":[107],"(LSTM)":[108],"units":[109],"learn":[111],"model":[114,139],"glucose.":[117],"When":[118],"trained":[119],"on":[120,141],"raw":[121],"data":[122],"real":[124],"patients,":[125],"the":[126,155,163],"LSTM":[127],"networks":[128],"(LSTMs)":[129],"obtain":[130],"results":[131],"competitive":[134],"previous":[137],"state-of-the-art":[138],"based":[140],"The":[146],"RNN":[147],"can":[149],"incorporate":[150],"arbitrary":[151],"parameters":[153],"without":[154],"need":[156],"for":[157],"sophisticated":[158],"manual":[159],"engineering,":[160],"thus":[161],"holding":[162],"promise":[164],"further":[166],"improvements":[167],"prediction":[169],"accuracy.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
