{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2755208375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","title":"New conducted electrical weapons: Electrical safety relative to relevant standards","display_name":"New conducted electrical weapons: Electrical safety relative to relevant standards","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2755208375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","mag":"2755208375","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046434526","display_name":"Dorin Panescu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401727018","display_name":"Axon Enterprise (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01fp50e73","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401727018"]}],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dorin Panescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["R&D, HeartBeam, Inc, Axon Enterprise, Inc. (Axon), [formerly TASER International, Inc. (TASER)]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R&D, HeartBeam, Inc, Axon Enterprise, Inc. (Axon), [formerly TASER International, Inc. (TASER)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401727018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002097292","display_name":"Max H. Nerheim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165660","display_name":"AXON Neuroscience (Slovakia)","ror":"https://ror.org/05ebvq193","country_code":"SK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114507","https://openalex.org/I4210165660"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Nerheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research at Axon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research at Axon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020245549","display_name":"Mark W. Kroll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-1716"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark W. Kroll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Axon Scientific and Medical Advisory Board (SMAB) and Corporate Board, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Axon Scientific and Medical Advisory Board (SMAB) and Corporate Board, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001997233","display_name":"Michael A. Brave","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Brave","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAAW International, Axon SMAB and the Axon Training Advisory Board"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAAW International, Axon SMAB and the Axon Training Advisory Board","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046434526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401727018"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7284264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"2185","last_page":"2190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13001","display_name":"Restraint-Related Deaths","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13001","display_name":"Restraint-Related Deaths","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13869","display_name":"Ocular and Laser Science Research","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-standards","display_name":"Safety standards","score":0.5104283690452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.45257821679115295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4507541358470917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartridge","display_name":"Cartridge","score":0.4284781515598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3516334295272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34854856133461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3373354971408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2775343656539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.25689971446990967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776179734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7398668","display_name":"Safety standards","level":2,"score":0.5104283690452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.45257821679115295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4507541358470917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34381374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37144","display_name":"Cartridge","level":2,"score":0.4284781515598297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3516334295272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34854856133461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3373354971408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2775343656539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25689971446990967}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004597","descriptor_name":"Electroshock","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004597","descriptor_name":"Electroshock","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004597","descriptor_name":"Electroshock","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054041","descriptor_name":"Weapons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054041","descriptor_name":"Weapons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054041","descriptor_name":"Weapons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057667","descriptor_name":"Conducted Energy Weapon Injuries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057667","descriptor_name":"Conducted Energy Weapon Injuries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057667","descriptor_name":"Conducted Energy Weapon Injuries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:29060330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62427444","https://openalex.org/W1800562341","https://openalex.org/W1964452027","https://openalex.org/W2015958701","https://openalex.org/W2053528511","https://openalex.org/W2094609194","https://openalex.org/W2290310978","https://openalex.org/W2533727498","https://openalex.org/W2742163894","https://openalex.org/W4245167505"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2033967534","https://openalex.org/W1535546264","https://openalex.org/W2784354338","https://openalex.org/W2358103399","https://openalex.org/W2367349075","https://openalex.org/W16040430","https://openalex.org/W1166301256","https://openalex.org/W2032120680","https://openalex.org/W1536851989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"conducted":[1],"electrical":[2,11,36,111,133,137,151,184,223],"weapons":[3],"(CEW)":[4],"compliance":[5],"with":[6],"international":[7,126],"standards.":[8,238],"CEWs":[9,118,169,183,230],"deliver":[10],"pulses":[12,71],"that":[13,128,220],"can":[14,52],"inhibit":[15],"a":[16,42,77],"person's":[17],"neuromuscular":[18],"control":[19],"or":[20,55],"temporarily":[21],"incapacitate.":[22],"An":[23],"eXperimental":[24],"Rotating-Field":[25],"(XRF)":[26],"waveform":[27],"CEW":[28,32],"and":[29,116,136,154,167,210,228],"the":[30,65,89,93,109,149,221],"X2":[31,117,168,229],"are":[33,148],"new":[34,99],"2-shot":[35],"weapon":[37],"models":[38],"designed":[39],"to":[40,91,107,121],"target":[41],"precise":[43],"amount":[44],"of":[45,69,97,103,113,123,163,193,225],"delivered":[46,59],"charge":[47],"per":[48],"pulse.":[49],"They":[50],"both":[51],"deploy":[53],"1":[54],"2":[56,61],"dart":[57],"pairs,":[58],"by":[60,88,236],"separate":[62],"cartridges.":[63],"Additionally,":[64],"XRF":[66,115,166,227],"controls":[67],"delivery":[68],"incapacitating":[70],"over":[72],"4":[73],"field":[74],"vectors,":[75],"in":[76,81,119],"rotating":[78],"sequence.":[79],"As":[80],"our":[82],"previous":[83],"study,":[84],"we":[85],"were":[86,170,178,187],"motivated":[87],"need":[90],"understand":[92],"cardiac":[94],"safety":[95,130,152,191,233],"profile":[96],"these":[98,140],"CEWs.":[100],"The":[101,161,176],"goal":[102],"this":[104],"paper":[105],"is":[106],"analyze":[108],"nominal":[110,222],"outputs":[112,162,224],"TASER":[114,165,226],"reference":[120],"provisions":[122],"all":[124],"relevant":[125,158,190,237],"standards":[127,141,153],"specify":[129],"requirements":[131,192],"for":[132],"medical":[134],"devices":[135],"fences.":[138],"Although":[139],"do":[142],"not":[143],"specifically":[144],"mention":[145],"CEWs,":[146],"they":[147],"closest":[150],"hence":[155],"give":[156],"very":[157],"guidance.":[159],"METHODS:":[160],"several":[164],"measured":[171],"under":[172],"normal":[173],"operating":[174],"conditions.":[175],"measurements":[177],"compared":[179],"against":[180,189],"manufacturer":[181],"specifications.":[182],"output":[185],"parameters":[186],"reviewed":[188],"UL":[194],"69,":[195],"IEC":[196,200,202,208],"60335-2-76":[197],"Ed":[198],"2.1,":[199],"60479-1,":[201],"60479-2,":[203],"AS/NZS":[204,206],"60479.1,":[205],"60479.2,":[207],"60601-1":[209],"BS":[211],"EN":[212],"60601-1.":[213],"RESULTS":[214],"AND":[215],"CONCLUSION:":[216],"Our":[217],"study":[218],"confirmed":[219],"lie":[231],"within":[232],"bounds":[234],"specified":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}