{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2755834936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","title":"The contribution of different frequency bands in class separability of covert speech tasks for BCIs","display_name":"The contribution of different frequency bands in class separability of covert speech tasks for BCIs","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2755834936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","mag":"2755834936","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040565476","display_name":"Amir Jahangiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-3738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Jahangiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["BCI research Laboratory, University of Essex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BCI research Laboratory, University of Essex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091287198","display_name":"Francisco Sepulveda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8853-3319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Sepulveda","raw_affiliation_strings":["BCI research Laboratory, University of Essex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BCI research Laboratory, University of Essex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7032,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82628926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"2093","last_page":"2096"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.8133535385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5638679265975952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5333507061004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.5271990895271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5126039385795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.4814962148666382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-activity-and-meditation","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","score":0.415742963552475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3544592559337616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29121917486190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.12843766808509827}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.8133535385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5638679265975952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5333507061004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5271990895271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5126039385795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.4814962148666382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.415742963552475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3544592559337616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29121917486190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.12843766808509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019018","descriptor_name":"Imagery, Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019018","descriptor_name":"Imagery, Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019018","descriptor_name":"Imagery, Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037266","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:29060309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29060309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.essex.ac.uk:20696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.essex.ac.uk/20696/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401236","display_name":"Open Access at Essex (University of Essex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","host_organization_name":"University of Essex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"mag:3174185190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201702245805558756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157993500","https://openalex.org/W1504659678","https://openalex.org/W1575990059","https://openalex.org/W1963623761","https://openalex.org/W1964834741","https://openalex.org/W1990230541","https://openalex.org/W1990746954","https://openalex.org/W1995806857","https://openalex.org/W2007050140","https://openalex.org/W2008120082","https://openalex.org/W2013111553","https://openalex.org/W2025872296","https://openalex.org/W2028271841","https://openalex.org/W2033570251","https://openalex.org/W2050599544","https://openalex.org/W2056949810","https://openalex.org/W2066783542","https://openalex.org/W2067585215","https://openalex.org/W2078638303","https://openalex.org/W2079338910","https://openalex.org/W2089968187","https://openalex.org/W2106006415","https://openalex.org/W2108323654","https://openalex.org/W2113917764","https://openalex.org/W2118949016","https://openalex.org/W2125065902","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2141928475","https://openalex.org/W2154525285","https://openalex.org/W2166330320","https://openalex.org/W2187254268","https://openalex.org/W2608517082","https://openalex.org/W3146003712","https://openalex.org/W3162273152","https://openalex.org/W4249278893","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298266977","https://openalex.org/W6634407493","https://openalex.org/W6736589346"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W2044053727","https://openalex.org/W2466887110","https://openalex.org/W2068485906","https://openalex.org/W2146473982","https://openalex.org/W4389933916","https://openalex.org/W2524028122","https://openalex.org/W2314032432","https://openalex.org/W2335893660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"recent":[1],"studies":[2],"demonstrate":[3],"the":[4,26,40,48,99,113,130,137,145,150,209,225],"possibility":[5],"of":[6,21,25,43,51,144,159,169,208,224],"using":[7],"user":[8,57],"initiated":[9],"covert":[10,170],"speech":[11,171],"mental":[12,161,220],"tasks":[13,172],"in":[14,39,47,118,189,229],"brain":[15],"computer":[16],"interfaces":[17],"with":[18,180],"varying":[19],"degrees":[20],"success,":[22],"but":[23],"details":[24],"best":[27,138],"frequency":[28],"features":[29,139,212,228],"had":[30],"not":[31],"been":[32],"investigated.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35,156,164,230],"work,":[36],"ten":[37,131],"volunteers":[38],"age":[41],"range":[42],"22-70":[44],"years":[45],"participated":[46],"experiment.":[49],"Eight":[50],"them":[52],"were":[53,72,90,116,133,201],"neurologically":[54],"healthy,":[55],"one":[56],"was":[58,62],"dyslexic,":[59],"and":[60,70,78,84,197,206],"another":[61],"autistic.":[63],"The":[64,125],"four":[65,114],"words":[66,115],"\"back\",":[67],"\"forward\",":[68],"\"left\",":[69],"\"right\"":[71],"shortened":[73],"into":[74],"\"BA\",":[75],"\"FO\",":[76],"\"LE\",":[77],"\"RY\",":[79],"which":[80,217],"are":[81],"phonetically":[82],"dissimilar":[83],"cognitively":[85],"relevant":[86],"directional":[87],"commands.":[88],"Participants":[89],"asked":[91],"to":[92,121,135,187,203],"covertly":[93],"speak":[94],"each":[95,111],"as":[96,98],"soon":[97],"letters":[100],"appeared":[101],"on":[102],"a":[103,141],"screen.":[104],"Volunteers":[105],"completed":[106],"five":[107],"recording":[108],"runs.":[109],"During":[110],"run":[112],"presented":[117],"random":[119],"succession":[120],"avoid":[122],"sequence":[123],"bias.":[124],"recorded":[126],"EEG":[127],"data":[128],"from":[129,185],"users":[132],"analysed":[134],"discover":[136],"within":[140],"Gabor":[142],"Transform":[143],"signals,":[146],"i.e.,":[147],"those":[148],"yielding":[149],"highest":[151],"word-pair":[152],"classification":[153,183],"accuracy":[154,184],"for":[155,175],"specific":[157],"type":[158],"linguistic":[160],"activity.":[162],"Using":[163],"BCI,":[165],"suitable":[166],"class":[167],"separability":[168],"is":[173],"confirmed":[174],"all,":[176],"including":[177],"disabled":[178],"users,":[179],"consistently":[181],"high":[182,219],"72%":[186],"88%":[188],"all":[190],"cases.":[191],"Like":[192],"motor":[193],"imagery":[194],"tasks,":[195],"Alpha":[196],"Beta":[198],"band":[199,215],"activity":[200],"found":[202],"contain":[204],"12%":[205],"31%":[207],"most":[210,226],"important":[211,227],"respectively.":[213],"Gamma":[214],"activity,":[216],"indicates":[218],"functions,":[221],"contains":[222],"57%":[223],"study.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}