{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2538145018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","title":"A pressure and shear sensing liner for prosthetic sockets","display_name":"A pressure and shear sensing liner for prosthetic sockets","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2538145018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","mag":"2538145018","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28268728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110444327","display_name":"Jason Wheeler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7746-9399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116723","display_name":"Robotics Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020w2fr77","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jason Wheeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735","https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001052726","display_name":"Anirban Mazumdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-282X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116723","display_name":"Robotics Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020w2fr77","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anirban Mazumdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735","https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004510672","display_name":"Lisa Marron","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116723","display_name":"Robotics Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020w2fr77","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Marron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735","https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079476496","display_name":"Kevin Dullea","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116723","display_name":"Robotics Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020w2fr77","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Dullea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research and Development Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735","https://openalex.org/I4210116723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052882242","display_name":"Joan E. Sanders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8850-243X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, University of Washginton, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washginton, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053148310","display_name":"Kate Allyn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kate Allyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, University of Washginton, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washginton, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110444327"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735","https://openalex.org/I4210116723"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6838,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71895172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2016","issue":null,"first_page":"2026","last_page":"2029"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear","display_name":"Shear (geology)","score":0.5692393779754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastomer","display_name":"Elastomer","score":0.5545875430107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-measurement","display_name":"Pressure measurement","score":0.5065590143203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.47029992938041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4668273329734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-acquisition","display_name":"Data acquisition","score":0.46128812432289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-sensor","display_name":"Pressure sensor","score":0.4475833773612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.4366466701030731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.435954749584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-force","display_name":"Shear force","score":0.431776762008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.42884624004364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.420564740896225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.40312737226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.368786096572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.3227279782295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3096877634525299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24657607078552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.24412748217582703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1599070131778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.14194265007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10407763719558716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5692393779754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38052585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252266","display_name":"Elastomer","level":2,"score":0.5545875430107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80264047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7424019","display_name":"Pressure measurement","level":2,"score":0.5065590143203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.47029992938041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4668273329734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172399","display_name":"Data acquisition","level":2,"score":0.46128812432289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41325743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261040","display_name":"Pressure sensor","level":2,"score":0.4475833773612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.4366466701030731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.435954749584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22140971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492174","display_name":"Shear force","level":2,"score":0.431776762008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.42884624004364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.420564740896225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.40312737226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.368786096572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3227279782295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3096877634525299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24657607078552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.24412748217582703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1599070131778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.14194265007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10407763719558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28413391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785542","display_name":"Capillary number","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196806460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188603","display_name":"Capillary action","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000674","descriptor_name":"Amputees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000674","descriptor_name":"Amputees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000674","descriptor_name":"Amputees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001186","descriptor_name":"Artificial Limbs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001186","descriptor_name":"Artificial Limbs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001186","descriptor_name":"Artificial Limbs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7591124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:28268728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28268728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5360045","https://openalex.org/W1965654856","https://openalex.org/W2012857834","https://openalex.org/W2094206770","https://openalex.org/W2413567033","https://openalex.org/W6715845578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206804491","https://openalex.org/W1973127455","https://openalex.org/W2984836626","https://openalex.org/W3022118013","https://openalex.org/W2534267407","https://openalex.org/W4242883309","https://openalex.org/W2269051159","https://openalex.org/W818971998","https://openalex.org/W2093962749","https://openalex.org/W178109321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interface":[0],"pressures":[1,71],"are":[2,19,33,40],"closely":[3],"related":[4],"to":[5,42,88],"the":[6,30],"comfort":[7],"and":[8,15,17,56,63,79],"fit":[9,37],"of":[10,35],"a":[11,100],"lower-limb":[12],"prosthetic":[13],"socket":[14],"clinicians":[16],"researchers":[18],"interested":[20],"in":[21,44,92],"monitoring":[22],"these":[23],"loads.":[24],"In":[25],"particular,":[26],"shear":[27,57],"stresses":[28],"at":[29],"socket/liner":[31],"interface":[32],"indicative":[34],"important":[36],"characteristics":[38],"but":[39],"difficult":[41],"measure":[43,69],"situ.":[45],"We":[46],"have":[47],"developed":[48],"an":[49],"elastomeric":[50,81],"liner":[51,84],"with":[52,60,77],"sixteen":[53],"integrated":[54],"pressure":[55],"sensors,":[58],"along":[59],"necessary":[61],"wiring":[62],"data":[64],"acquisition":[65],"electronics.":[66],"The":[67,83,95],"sensors":[68],"three-axis":[70],"using":[72],"optical":[73],"emitter/detector":[74],"pairs":[75],"coupled":[76],"transparent":[78],"opaque":[80],"layers.":[82],"has":[85],"similar":[86],"properties":[87],"those":[89],"typically":[90],"used":[91],"clinical":[93],"practice.":[94],"system":[96],"was":[97],"tested":[98],"on":[99],"single":[101],"amputee":[102],"subject":[103],"during":[104],"several":[105],"sit/stand/walk":[106],"cycles.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}