{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2535752810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","title":"An unsupervised subject identification technique using EEG signals","display_name":"An unsupervised subject identification technique using EEG signals","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2535752810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","mag":"2535752810","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28268450"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075925641","display_name":"Javad Birjandtalab","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javad Birjandtalab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005527065","display_name":"Maziyar Baran Pouyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4946-7659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maziyar Baran Pouyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040401289","display_name":"Mehrdad Nourani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-4424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehrdad Nourani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quality of Life Technology Laboratory, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075925641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55811291,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"816","last_page":"819"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7315879464149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7139365077018738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6715362071990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.639305591583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6170130968093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5434406995773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5126647353172302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-space","display_name":"Spectral space","score":0.4818762242794037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4691193401813507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-clustering","display_name":"Spectral clustering","score":0.46633028984069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.46014320850372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-density","display_name":"Spectral density","score":0.43634337186813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.4262782335281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3236856758594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24154427647590637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7315879464149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7139365077018738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6715362071990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.639305591583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6170130968093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5434406995773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5126647353172302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778740170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575210","display_name":"Spectral space","level":2,"score":0.4818762242794037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4691193401813507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105611402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2976589","display_name":"Spectral clustering","level":3,"score":0.46633028984069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.46014320850372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168110828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331626","display_name":"Spectral density","level":2,"score":0.43634337186813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.4262782335281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3236856758594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24154427647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069558","descriptor_name":"Unsupervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069558","descriptor_name":"Unsupervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069558","descriptor_name":"Unsupervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:28268450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28268450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556131344","https://openalex.org/W1908362199","https://openalex.org/W1971383401","https://openalex.org/W1995450389","https://openalex.org/W1996748682","https://openalex.org/W2017905359","https://openalex.org/W2063483288","https://openalex.org/W2121122425","https://openalex.org/W2136365570","https://openalex.org/W2139285734","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2207360808","https://openalex.org/W2215223852","https://openalex.org/W2240792616","https://openalex.org/W2288746149","https://openalex.org/W2319851220","https://openalex.org/W2342463046","https://openalex.org/W2535628815","https://openalex.org/W6640058599","https://openalex.org/W6690282998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2516050265","https://openalex.org/W3100018624","https://openalex.org/W2181697047","https://openalex.org/W3126089168","https://openalex.org/W2792371717","https://openalex.org/W2541785124","https://openalex.org/W3086736791","https://openalex.org/W3002899590","https://openalex.org/W1599474586","https://openalex.org/W2142009282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"EEG":[3,29,47,127],"spectral":[4,30,44,123],"features":[5,20],"of":[6,46],"different":[7,50,79,98],"subjects":[8,26,99,119],"are":[9],"uniquely":[10],"mapped":[11],"into":[12],"a":[13,69,91],"2D":[14,19,71],"feature":[15],"space.":[16,72],"Such":[17,73],"distinctive":[18],"pave":[21],"the":[22,122],"way":[23],"to":[24,60,96],"identify":[25,97],"from":[27,64],"their":[28,126],"characteristics":[31],"in":[32,49,68,86],"an":[33],"unsupervised":[34],"manner":[35],"without":[36,100],"any":[37,101],"prior":[38,102],"knowledge.":[39,103],"First,":[40],"we":[41,54],"extract":[42],"power":[43],"density":[45],"signals":[48],"frequency":[51],"bands.":[52],"Next,":[53],"use":[55,90],"t-distributed":[56],"stochastic":[57],"neighbor":[58],"embedding":[59,76],"map":[61],"data":[62,75,81],"points":[63,82],"high":[65],"dimensional":[66],"space":[67],"visible":[70],"non-linear":[74],"method":[77,111],"visualizes":[78],"subjects'":[80],"as":[83],"well-separated":[84],"islands":[85],"two":[87],"dimensions.":[88],"We":[89],"fuzzy":[92],"c-means":[93],"clustering":[94],"technique":[95],"The":[104],"experimental":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"that":[108],"our":[109],"proposed":[110],"efficiently":[112],"(precision":[113],"greater":[114],"than":[115],"90%)":[116],"discriminates":[117],"10":[118],"using":[120],"only":[121],"information":[124],"within":[125],"signals.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}