{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294730381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","title":"Toward development of mobile application for hand arthritis screening","display_name":"Toward development of mobile application for hand arthritis screening","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294730381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","mag":"2294730381","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26737922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029808593","display_name":"Farhad Akhbardeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhad Akhbardeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039388392","display_name":"Fartash Vasefi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fartash Vasefi","raw_affiliation_strings":["eTreat Medical Diagnostics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eTreat Medical Diagnostics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043387812","display_name":"Kouhyar Tavakolian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5785-358X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kouhyar Tavakolian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113592290","display_name":"David S. Bradley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bradley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057604024","display_name":"Reza Fazel-Rezai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2792-5399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Fazel-Rezai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Research Complex (BERC), University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7771,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74788103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":null,"first_page":"7075","last_page":"7078"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.8683426976203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.714364230632782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6656243205070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6465177536010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.574293315410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.5263225436210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.421550452709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3264836072921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10667937994003296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.8683426976203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.714364230632782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6656243205070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6465177536010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.574293315410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.5263225436210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.421550452709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3264836072921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10667937994003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001168","descriptor_name":"Arthritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005384","descriptor_name":"Finger Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005384","descriptor_name":"Finger Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005384","descriptor_name":"Finger Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320022","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:26737922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26737922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74802352","https://openalex.org/W228039392","https://openalex.org/W646474931","https://openalex.org/W1575739010","https://openalex.org/W1973285144","https://openalex.org/W2025853526","https://openalex.org/W2031160924","https://openalex.org/W2055077726","https://openalex.org/W2098699371","https://openalex.org/W2131093483","https://openalex.org/W2135604562","https://openalex.org/W2170823733","https://openalex.org/W4235611253","https://openalex.org/W4245193022","https://openalex.org/W4301964637","https://openalex.org/W6608947200","https://openalex.org/W6634408385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953058328","https://openalex.org/W1542224353","https://openalex.org/W1661087619","https://openalex.org/W2116854923","https://openalex.org/W2750730210","https://openalex.org/W2236974868","https://openalex.org/W4312766348","https://openalex.org/W2952127465","https://openalex.org/W2028276520","https://openalex.org/W2164628286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arthritis":[0],"is":[1,23,97,135,142],"one":[2],"of":[3,16,45,72,92],"the":[4,12,17,43,110,128,138],"most":[5],"common":[6,70],"health":[7],"problems":[8],"affecting":[9],"people":[10],"throughout":[11],"world.":[13],"The":[14,51,90,100,147],"goal":[15],"work":[18],"presented":[19],"in":[20],"this":[21,75],"paper":[22],"to":[24,39,60],"provide":[25,156],"individuals,":[26],"who":[27],"may":[28],"be":[29],"developing":[30],"or":[31],"have":[32,78],"developed":[33],"arthritis,":[34],"with":[35],"a":[36],"mobile":[37],"application":[38],"assess":[40],"and":[41,64,80,84,116,122,137,163],"monitor":[42,61],"progress":[44],"their":[46,49],"disease":[47],"using":[48],"smartphone.":[50],"image":[52,93,133],"processing":[53],"algorithm":[54,59],"includes":[55],"finger":[56,164],"border":[57,88,161],"detection":[58,162],"joint":[62,106,165],"thickness":[63],"angular":[65],"deviation":[66],"abnormalities,":[67],"which":[68],"are":[69,119],"symptoms":[71],"arthritis.":[73],"In":[74,126],"work,":[76],"we":[77],"analyzed":[79,136],"compared":[81],"gradient,":[82,114],"thresholding":[83],"Canny":[85,117],"algorithms":[86],"for":[87,113,131,144,159],"detection.":[89],"effect":[91],"spatial":[94],"resolution":[95,141],"(down-sampling)":[96],"also":[98],"investigated.":[99],"results":[101,148],"calculated":[102],"based":[103,167],"on":[104,168],"36":[105],"measurements":[107],"show":[108],"that":[109,150],"mean":[111],"errors":[112],"thresholding,":[115],"methods":[118],"0.20,":[120],"2.13,":[121],"2.03":[123],"mm,":[124],"respectively.":[125],"addition,":[127],"average":[129],"error":[130],"different":[132],"resolutions":[134],"minimum":[139],"required":[140],"determined":[143],"each":[145],"method.":[146,170],"confirm":[149],"recent":[151],"smartphone":[152],"imaging":[153],"capabilities":[154],"can":[155],"enough":[157],"accuracy":[158],"hand":[160],"analysis":[166],"gradient":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}