{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294310782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","title":"Multiple-instance learning for breast cancer detection in mammograms","display_name":"Multiple-instance learning for breast cancer detection in mammograms","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294310782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","mag":"2294310782","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26737917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005106822","display_name":"Ruben Sanchez de la Rosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126835","display_name":"Universidad Evang\u00e9lica Boliviana","ror":"https://ror.org/036f1as09","country_code":"BO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}],"countries":["BO","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruben Sanchez de la Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","INSTITUT TELECOM","UEB","TELECOM Bretagne","Dpt ITI, Brest, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UEB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM Bretagne","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052923096","display_name":"Mathieu Lamard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6309-6156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161929037","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bretagne Occidentale","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8h3982","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161929037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126835","display_name":"Universidad Evang\u00e9lica Boliviana","ror":"https://ror.org/036f1as09","country_code":"BO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}],"countries":["BO","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathieu Lamard","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","Inserm, Brest, France","Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France","UEB","INSTITUT TELECOM","TELECOM Bretagne","Dpt ITI, Brest, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inserm, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161929037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UEB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM Bretagne","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016278870","display_name":"Guy Cazuguel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126835","display_name":"Universidad Evang\u00e9lica Boliviana","ror":"https://ror.org/036f1as09","country_code":"BO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}],"countries":["BO","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guy Cazuguel","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","Inserm, Brest, France","TELECOM Bretagne","UEB","INSTITUT TELECOM","Dpt ITI, Brest, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inserm, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM Bretagne","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UEB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062289182","display_name":"Gouenou Coatrieux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-0224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126835","display_name":"Universidad Evang\u00e9lica Boliviana","ror":"https://ror.org/036f1as09","country_code":"BO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}],"countries":["BO","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gouenou Coatrieux","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","UEB","TELECOM Bretagne","INSTITUT TELECOM","Dpt ITI, Brest, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UEB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM Bretagne","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042156113","display_name":"Michel Cozic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126835","display_name":"Universidad Evang\u00e9lica Boliviana","ror":"https://ror.org/036f1as09","country_code":"BO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}],"countries":["BO","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Cozic","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","INSTITUT TELECOM","Dpt ITI, Brest, France","TELECOM Bretagne","UEB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; UEB; Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSTITUT TELECOM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt ITI, Brest, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM Bretagne","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UEB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126835"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028479581","display_name":"Gwenol\u00e9 Quellec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1669-7140"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gwenole Quellec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medecom, Plougastel-Daoulas, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medecom, Plougastel-Daoulas, France","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":null,"first_page":"7055","last_page":"7058"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.6532999277114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5645678639411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5394118428230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-detection","display_name":"Cancer detection","score":0.5215282440185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.47268348932266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.40750378370285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3453618288040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.22029054164886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.11229169368743896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.6532999277114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5645678639411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5394118428230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985322473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044843","display_name":"Cancer detection","level":3,"score":0.5215282440185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.47268348932266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.40750378370285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3453618288040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22029054164886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11229169368743896}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001940","descriptor_name":"Breast","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002114","descriptor_name":"Calcinosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002114","descriptor_name":"Calcinosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002114","descriptor_name":"Calcinosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7320017","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:26737917","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26737917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327215","display_name":"R\u00e9gion Bretagne","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177004468","https://openalex.org/W1501799430","https://openalex.org/W1973351628","https://openalex.org/W1998162403","https://openalex.org/W2003304826","https://openalex.org/W2010792435","https://openalex.org/W2036424610","https://openalex.org/W2039051707","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2050997943","https://openalex.org/W2062418426","https://openalex.org/W2078579128","https://openalex.org/W2094992123","https://openalex.org/W2109722393","https://openalex.org/W2120580182","https://openalex.org/W2131617873","https://openalex.org/W2133288557","https://openalex.org/W2134560790","https://openalex.org/W6607184829","https://openalex.org/W6659571269","https://openalex.org/W6669992580","https://openalex.org/W6674346848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514924336","https://openalex.org/W2002967116","https://openalex.org/W1970729336","https://openalex.org/W2024400191","https://openalex.org/W4378450136","https://openalex.org/W2230537280","https://openalex.org/W2201815870","https://openalex.org/W2400060196","https://openalex.org/W4390693776","https://openalex.org/W2419646825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,135],"describes":[2],"an":[3,87],"experimental":[4],"computer-aided":[5],"detection":[6,67],"and":[7,70],"diagnosis":[8],"system":[9,24],"for":[10,36,118],"breast":[11],"cancer,":[12],"the":[13,27,47,50,66,131,143,146],"most":[14,144],"common":[15],"form":[16],"of":[17,68,112,127,145],"cancer":[18],"among":[19],"women,":[20],"using":[21,86],"mammography.":[22],"The":[23,134],"relies":[25],"on":[26],"Multiple-Instance":[28],"Learning":[29],"(MIL)":[30],"paradigm,":[31,148],"which":[32],"has":[33],"proven":[34],"useful":[35],"medical":[37],"decision":[38],"support":[39],"in":[40,94,124,149,157],"previous":[41],"works":[42],"from":[43,65,74,81,130],"our":[44],"team.":[45],"In":[46],"proposed":[48],"framework,":[49],"breasts":[51],"are":[52,72,84],"first":[53],"partitioned":[54],"adaptively":[55],"into":[56],"regions.":[57],"Then,":[58],"either":[59],"textural":[60],"features,":[61],"or":[62,92,101,108],"features":[63],"derived":[64],"masses":[69],"microcalcifications,":[71],"extracted":[73,80],"each":[75,82],"region.":[76],"Finally,":[77],"feature":[78],"vectors":[79],"region":[83],"combined":[85],"MIL":[88,147],"algorithm":[89],"(Citation":[90],"k-NN":[91],"mi-Graph),":[93],"order":[95,150],"to":[96,102,151],"recognize":[97],"\"normal\"":[98],"mammography":[99],"examinations":[100,104],"categorize":[103],"as":[105],"\"normal\",":[106],"\"benign\"":[107,153],"\"cancer\".":[109],"An":[110],"accuracy":[111],"91.1%":[113],"(respectively":[114,121],"62.1%)":[115],"was":[116],"achieved":[117],"normality":[119],"recognition":[120],"three-class":[122],"categorization)":[123],"a":[125],"subset":[126],"720":[128],"mammograms":[129],"DDSM":[132],"dataset.":[133],"also":[136],"discusses":[137],"future":[138],"improvements,":[139],"that":[140],"will":[141],"make":[142],"improve":[152],"versus":[154],"\"cancer\"":[155],"discrimination":[156],"particular.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}