{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294972857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","title":"Reconstruction of signal in plastic scintillator of PET using Tikhonov regularization","display_name":"Reconstruction of signal in plastic scintillator of PET using Tikhonov regularization","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294972857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","mag":"2294972857","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021078957","display_name":"L. Raczy\u0144ski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097150","display_name":"National Centre for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00nzsxq20","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097150"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lech Raczynski","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u015awierk Computing Centre, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 05-400 Otwock- \u015awierk, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u015awierk Computing Centre, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 05-400 Otwock- \u015awierk, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021078957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097150"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20607504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2784","last_page":"2787"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scintillator","display_name":"Scintillator","score":0.7528938055038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tikhonov-regularization","display_name":"Tikhonov regularization","score":0.735612154006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6144938468933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5566062331199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5200526118278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.4750877916812897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.42317771911621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4174245595932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41036534309387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36834490299224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3503931760787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34169554710388184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.29073479771614075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26328906416893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.2383389174938202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.23417001962661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12366253137588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.07987424731254578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161694136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910990","display_name":"Scintillator","level":3,"score":0.7528938055038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152442038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2778212","display_name":"Tikhonov regularization","level":3,"score":0.735612154006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6144938468933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5566062331199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5200526118278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.4750877916812897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.42317771911621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4174245595932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41036534309387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36834490299224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3503931760787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34169554710388184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.29073479771614075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26328906416893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.2383389174938202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.23417001962661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12366253137588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07987424731254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010969","descriptor_name":"Plastics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010969","descriptor_name":"Plastics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010969","descriptor_name":"Plastics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049268","descriptor_name":"Positron-Emission Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049268","descriptor_name":"Positron-Emission Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049268","descriptor_name":"Positron-Emission Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318969","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:26736869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1033041584","https://openalex.org/W1594234351","https://openalex.org/W2009511046","https://openalex.org/W2088404942","https://openalex.org/W2100866320","https://openalex.org/W2118666118","https://openalex.org/W2123501280","https://openalex.org/W2136038881","https://openalex.org/W2155243072","https://openalex.org/W2155493103","https://openalex.org/W2963410869","https://openalex.org/W3106245188","https://openalex.org/W6635786299","https://openalex.org/W6652830530","https://openalex.org/W6675499703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545281817","https://openalex.org/W2127862524","https://openalex.org/W2790231183","https://openalex.org/W2521150805","https://openalex.org/W2012100350","https://openalex.org/W1523586214","https://openalex.org/W1986488772","https://openalex.org/W1997526387","https://openalex.org/W2024367938","https://openalex.org/W2898383381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32,143,221],"new":[1],"concept":[2],"of":[3,5,19,44,50,53,58,84,91,93,96,115,138,152,157,179,183,194],"Time":[4],"Flight":[6],"Positron":[7],"Emission":[8],"Tomography":[9],"(TOF-PET)":[10],"detection":[11,155],"system,":[12],"which":[13],"allows":[14],"for":[15,69,136],"single":[16,154],"bed":[17],"imaging":[18],"the":[20,29,37,42,51,94,97,103,110,113,134,139,153,158,164,176,180,191,195,206,214,218],"whole":[21],"human":[22],"body,":[23],"is":[24,61,107,128,145,172,209,228],"currently":[25],"under":[26,225],"development":[27],"at":[28,75,185],"Jagiellonian":[30],"University.":[31],"Jagiellonian-PET":[33],"(J-PET)":[34],"detector":[35,160],"improves":[36,190],"TOF":[38],"resolution":[39,193,223],"due":[40],"to":[41,130,202,230],"use":[43],"fast":[45,86],"plastic":[46,168],"scintillators.":[47],"Since":[48],"registration":[49],"waveform":[52,95,178],"signals":[54,87,148],"with":[55],"duration":[56],"times":[57],"few":[59],"nanoseconds":[60],"not":[62],"feasible,":[63],"a":[64,72,88],"novel":[65,89],"front-end":[66],"electronics":[67],"allowing":[68],"sampling":[70],"in":[71],"voltage":[73,187],"domain":[74],"four":[76,186],"thresholds":[77],"was":[78],"developed.":[79],"To":[80],"take":[81],"fully":[82],"advantage":[83],"these":[85,226],"scheme":[90],"recovery":[92,141],"signal,":[98],"based":[99],"on":[100],"idea":[101],"from":[102,163,199],"Tikhonov":[104],"regularization":[105],"method,":[106],"presented.":[108],"From":[109],"Bayes":[111],"theory":[112],"properties":[114],"regularized":[116],"solution,":[117],"especially":[118],"its":[119],"covariance":[120],"matrix,":[121],"may":[122],"be":[123],"easily":[124],"derived.":[125],"This":[126],"step":[127],"crucial":[129],"introduce":[131],"and":[132],"prove":[133],"formula":[135],"calculations":[137],"signal":[140],"error.":[142],"method":[144],"tested":[146],"using":[147,175,217],"registered":[149],"by":[150],"means":[151],"module":[156],"J-PET":[159],"built":[161],"out":[162],"30":[165],"cm":[166,201],"long":[167],"scintillator":[169],"strip.":[170],"It":[171],"shown":[173],"that":[174],"recovered":[177],"signals,":[181],"instead":[182],"samples":[184],"levels":[188],"alone,":[189],"spatial":[192,222],"hit":[196],"position":[197],"reconstruction":[198],"1.05":[200],"0.94":[203],"cm.":[204,232],"Moreover,":[205],"obtained":[207],"result":[208],"only":[210],"slightly":[211],"worse":[212],"than":[213],"one":[215],"evaluated":[216],"original":[219],"raw-signal.":[220],"calculated":[224],"conditions":[227],"equal":[229],"0.93":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
