{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294561649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","title":"The choice of the source space and the Laplacian matrix in LORETA and the spatio-temporal Kalman filter EEG inverse methods","display_name":"The choice of the source space and the Laplacian matrix in LORETA and the spatio-temporal Kalman filter EEG inverse methods","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294561649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","mag":"2294561649","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736860"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074816512","display_name":"Nawar Habboush","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nawar Habboush","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103078195","display_name":"Laith Hamid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laith Hamid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038511028","display_name":"Natia Japaridze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natia Japaridze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029477741","display_name":"Gert Wiegand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-2195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gert Wiegand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032405422","display_name":"Ulrich Heute","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich Heute","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041942422","display_name":"Ulrich Stephani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0493-7522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich Stephani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029215089","display_name":"Andreas Galka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5639-5422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Galka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027160344","display_name":"Michael Siniatchkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-973X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Siniatchkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1665,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56133363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"2745","last_page":"2749"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplace-operator","display_name":"Laplace operator","score":0.6151490211486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5433722734451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.5222809314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5219671130180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplacian-matrix","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","score":0.49697235226631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.4731636643409729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ictal","display_name":"Ictal","score":0.46831876039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.454496294260025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41917145252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39583027362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38188570737838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33794867992401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.13921067118644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.1329229772090912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09427222609519958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165700671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203484","display_name":"Laplace operator","level":2,"score":0.6151490211486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5433722734451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.5222809314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5219671130180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115178988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q772067","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","level":3,"score":0.49697235226631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.4731636643409729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17755696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16564780","display_name":"Ictal","level":3,"score":0.46831876039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.454496294260025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41917145252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39583027362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38188570737838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33794867992401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.13921067118644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.1329229772090912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09427222609519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055590","descriptor_name":"Electromagnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055590","descriptor_name":"Electromagnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055590","descriptor_name":"Electromagnetic Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318960","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:26736860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736860","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197076444","https://openalex.org/W2025556969","https://openalex.org/W2036226049","https://openalex.org/W2037420423","https://openalex.org/W2062572512","https://openalex.org/W2101979660","https://openalex.org/W2151351731","https://openalex.org/W2166073443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2570009360","https://openalex.org/W3004345458","https://openalex.org/W2883186538","https://openalex.org/W2051180862","https://openalex.org/W1976439244","https://openalex.org/W2402951419","https://openalex.org/W2896947499","https://openalex.org/W2362501828","https://openalex.org/W4244587941","https://openalex.org/W4223455993"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"discretization":[1],"of":[2,8,15,37,46,70,85,94,123,140,163,174,193],"the":[3,6,9,13,24,31,35,44,53,67,71,86,108,115,120,124,138,141,147,152,160,164],"brain":[4,149],"and":[5,20,52,81,119,135,159,180,182],"definition":[7,69,84,122,162],"Laplacian":[10,25,72,87,125,165],"matrix":[11,73,126],"influence":[12],"results":[14,45,93,113,153],"methods":[16],"based":[17,33],"on":[18,34],"spatial":[19],"spatio-temporal":[21],"smoothness,":[22],"since":[23],"operator":[26],"is":[27],"used":[28,105],"to":[29,106],"define":[30],"smoothness":[32],"neighborhood":[36],"each":[38],"grid":[39,158],"point.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"low":[47],"resolution":[48],"electromagnetic":[49],"tomography":[50],"(LORETA)":[51],"spatiotemporal":[54],"Kalman":[55],"filter":[56],"(STKF)":[57],"are":[58,104],"computed":[59],"using,":[60],"first,":[61],"a":[62,77,82,99,130,156,171,184,190],"greymatter":[63],"source":[64,79,91,117,132,175],"space":[65,80,118],"with":[66,102,137,151,177,195],"standard":[68],"and,":[74],"second,":[75],"using":[76,114],"whole-brain":[78,116],"modified":[83,121],"matrix.":[88,166],"Electroencephalographic":[89],"(EEG)":[90],"imaging":[92],"five":[95],"inter-ictal":[96],"spikes":[97],"from":[98],"pre-surgical":[100],"patient":[101],"epilepsy":[103],"validate":[107],"two":[109],"aforementioned":[110],"approaches.":[111],"were":[127],"concentrated":[128],"in":[129,146,189],"single":[131],"activation,":[133],"stable,":[134],"concordant":[136],"location":[139],"focal":[142],"cortical":[143],"dysplasia":[144],"(FCD)":[145],"patient's":[148],"compared":[150],"which":[154],"use":[155],"grey-matter":[157],"classical":[161],"This":[167],"proof-of-concept":[168],"study":[169],"demonstrates":[170],"substantial":[172],"improvement":[173],"localization":[176],"both":[178],"LORETA":[179],"STKF":[181],"constitutes":[183],"basis":[185],"for":[186],"further":[187],"research":[188],"large":[191],"population":[192],"patients":[194],"epilepsy.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}