{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2296012570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","title":"Emotion state identification based on heart rate variability and genetic algorithm","display_name":"Emotion state identification based on heart rate variability and genetic algorithm","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2296012570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","mag":"2296012570","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039518810","display_name":"Sung\u2010Nien Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-7233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Nien Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091598063","display_name":"Shufeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-2581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu-Feng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4604,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95522979,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":null,"first_page":"538","last_page":"541"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.8782194256782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"Heart rate variability","score":0.7719007730484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poincar\u00e9-plot","display_name":"Poincar\u00e9 plot","score":0.7061848640441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6718697547912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.605414092540741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"Happiness","score":0.578575849533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.566338300704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5339604020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5323781371116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48711729049682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.48651474714279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.4834250211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4487065076828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39121103286743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.2635292410850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16235566139221191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.8782194256782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71635504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954","display_name":"Heart rate variability","level":4,"score":0.7719007730484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18325288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7207866","display_name":"Poincar\u00e9 plot","level":5,"score":0.7061848640441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6718697547912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.605414092540741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8","display_name":"Happiness","level":2,"score":0.578575849533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.566338300704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5339604020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5323781371116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48711729049682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.48651474714279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.4834250211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4487065076828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39121103286743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.2635292410850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16235566139221191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7318418","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:26736318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26736318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512383952","https://openalex.org/W1866417755","https://openalex.org/W2078671978","https://openalex.org/W2113640125","https://openalex.org/W2120945046","https://openalex.org/W2126292754","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2153771043","https://openalex.org/W2162273778","https://openalex.org/W2285072859","https://openalex.org/W3120421331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2623785684","https://openalex.org/W4315436882","https://openalex.org/W3030024650","https://openalex.org/W2885396467","https://openalex.org/W2338277484","https://openalex.org/W2128264222","https://openalex.org/W4221134483","https://openalex.org/W2338458688","https://openalex.org/W3000415184","https://openalex.org/W4390572597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16,85,95],"objective":[1],"of":[2,23,27,63,123,142,156],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5,21,145],"to":[6,57,76,147],"develop":[7],"an":[8,119,140],"effective":[9,151],"emotion":[10,18],"recognition":[11,19,109,121],"system":[12,20],"based":[13,35],"on":[14,36],"ECG.":[15],"proposed":[17,137],"capable":[22],"differentiating":[24],"four":[25,154],"kinds":[26,155],"emotions,":[28],"namely":[29,66],"neutral,":[30],"happiness,":[31],"stress,":[32],"and":[33,52,71],"sadness,":[34],"the":[37,48,59,78,82,93,115,134,136,149],"heart":[38],"rate":[39,110,122],"variability":[40],"(HRV).":[41],"Ten":[42],"male":[43],"subjects":[44],"were":[45,55,74],"involved":[46],"in":[47,133],"study.":[49],"Both":[50],"visual":[51],"auditory":[53],"stimuli":[54],"used":[56],"stimulate":[58],"emotions.":[60],"Four":[61],"categories":[62],"HRV":[64],"features,":[65,73],"time-domain,":[67],"frequency-domain,":[68],"Poincare":[69],"plot,":[70],"differential":[72],"exploited":[75,100],"characterize":[77],"physiological":[79],"changes":[80],"during":[81],"affective":[83],"stimuli.":[84],"support":[86],"vector":[87],"machine":[88],"(SVM)":[89],"was":[90,99,111,125],"employed":[91],"as":[92,101],"classifier.":[94],"genetic":[96],"algorithm":[97],"(GA)":[98],"feature":[102,105,117],"selector.":[103],"Without":[104],"selector,":[106,118],"only":[107],"52.2%":[108],"achieved.":[112,126],"However,":[113],"with":[114,128,158],"GA":[116],"optimal":[120],"90%":[124,143],"Compared":[127],"other":[129],"user-independent":[130,159],"systems":[131],"published":[132],"literature,":[135],"method":[138],"achieves":[139],"accuracy":[141],"which":[144],"demonstrated":[146],"be":[148],"most":[150],"for":[152],"discriminating":[153],"emotions":[157],"design":[160],"policy.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}