{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992445004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","title":"A structural framework for interpretation of four-electrode microimpedance spectra in cardiac tissue","display_name":"A structural framework for interpretation of four-electrode microimpedance spectra in cardiac tissue","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992445004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","mag":"1992445004","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25571477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4288478","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103483947","display_name":"Andrew E. Pollard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew E. Pollard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","Department Biomedical Engineering, Cardiac Rhythm Management Laboratory, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Biomedical Engineering, Cardiac Rhythm Management Laboratory, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038576411","display_name":"Roger C. Barr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger C. Barr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65283541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"6467","last_page":"6470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.8320953249931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropy","display_name":"Anisotropy","score":0.5839875936508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-resistivity-and-conductivity","display_name":"Electrical resistivity and conductivity","score":0.5651428699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5487684011459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-line","display_name":"Spectral line","score":0.5020096302032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracellular","display_name":"Intracellular","score":0.4987306594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4575031101703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4186829924583435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.371957004070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.3570288121700287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3262574076652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.30509689450263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.201948881149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.199715256690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11519476771354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10304546356201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08282265067100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07372316718101501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.8320953249931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85725439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466686","display_name":"Anisotropy","level":2,"score":0.5839875936508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69990965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65402698","display_name":"Electrical resistivity and conductivity","level":2,"score":0.5651428699493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5487684011459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.5020096302032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79879829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Intracellular","level":2,"score":0.4987306594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4575031101703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4186829924583435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.371957004070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3570288121700287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3262574076652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.30509689450263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.201948881149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.199715256690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11519476771354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10304546356201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08282265067100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07372316718101501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004594","descriptor_name":"Electrophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016880","descriptor_name":"Anisotropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016880","descriptor_name":"Anisotropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016880","descriptor_name":"Anisotropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032342","descriptor_name":"Muscle Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032342","descriptor_name":"Muscle Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032342","descriptor_name":"Muscle Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6945109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25571477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25571477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4288478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4288478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4288478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4288478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5421806479","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL-092049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8746859035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 HL092049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969179215","https://openalex.org/W1970532128","https://openalex.org/W1975550208","https://openalex.org/W1989162081","https://openalex.org/W1992532194","https://openalex.org/W1999058827","https://openalex.org/W2015470658","https://openalex.org/W2039337583","https://openalex.org/W2084567238","https://openalex.org/W2106842200","https://openalex.org/W2124799177","https://openalex.org/W2170446274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992391092","https://openalex.org/W2019479990","https://openalex.org/W2076071421","https://openalex.org/W2020608099","https://openalex.org/W3022895765","https://openalex.org/W2016091458","https://openalex.org/W1996805216","https://openalex.org/W4235973138","https://openalex.org/W1997854241","https://openalex.org/W2164764361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Renewed":[0],"interest":[1],"in":[2,12,26,67,91,97],"the":[3,51,69],"four-electrode":[4,35],"method":[5],"for":[6,43,50,89],"identification":[7,45],"of":[8,34,46],"passive":[9,47],"electrical":[10,48,95],"properties":[11,49,96],"cardiac":[13],"tissue":[14,70],"has":[15],"been":[16],"sparked":[17],"by":[18],"a":[19,64],"recognition":[20],"that":[21,76,87],"measurements":[22],"made":[23],"with":[24,111],"sensors":[25,123],"close":[27],"proximity":[28],"are":[29,79],"frequency":[30],"dependent.":[31],"Therefore,":[32],"resolution":[33],"microimpedance":[36,85],"spectra":[37,78],"(4EMS)":[38],"may":[39],"provide":[40],"an":[41],"opportunity":[42],"routine":[44],"interstitial":[52,58,82],"and":[53,73,83,100,116,122,131],"intracellular":[54,84],"compartments":[55],"using":[56,81],"only":[57],"access.":[59],"The":[60],"present":[61],"study":[62],"documents":[63],"structural":[65],"framework":[66,106],"which":[68],"resistivity":[71],"(\u03c1t)":[72],"reactivity":[74],"(xt)":[75],"comprise":[77],"computed":[80],"distributions":[86],"account":[88],"differences":[90],"compartment":[92,99],"size,":[93],"anisotropic":[94],"each":[98],"electrode":[101,120],"separations.":[102],"We":[103],"used":[104],"this":[105],"to":[107],"consider":[108],"4EMS":[109],"development":[110],"relatively":[112],"wide":[113],"(d=1":[114],"mm)":[115],"fine":[117],"(d=250":[118],"\u03bcm)":[119],"separations":[121],"oriented":[124],"along":[125],"myocyte":[126,129],"axes,":[127],"across":[128],"axes":[130],"intermediate":[132],"between":[133],"those":[134],"axes.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}