{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2332765628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","title":"Oscillations in human orbitofrontal cortex during even chance gambling","display_name":"Oscillations in human orbitofrontal cortex during even chance gambling","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2332765628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","mag":"2332765628","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25571087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025282758","display_name":"Kevin C. Kahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Kahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073622300","display_name":"Matthew S. D. Kerr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew S. D. Kerr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076771471","display_name":"Hyun-Joo Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-7652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun-Joo Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109468855","display_name":"Susan E. Thompson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068862087","display_name":"Juan Bulacio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2547-518X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Bulacio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013584913","display_name":"Jorge Gonz\u00e1lez-Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-7034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157890","display_name":"Neurological Surgery","ror":"https://ror.org/04r0gp612","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Gonzalez-Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, Epilepsy Center at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Epilepsy Center at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750","https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088809750","display_name":"Sridevi V. Sarma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4817-6625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sridevi V. Sarma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027276470","display_name":"John T. Gale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Gale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025282758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29299975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"4888","last_page":"4891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbitofrontal-cortex","display_name":"Orbitofrontal cortex","score":0.9126900434494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-cortex","display_name":"Frontal cortex","score":0.5588038563728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4998598098754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4636216461658478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.41648998856544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3323785662651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefrontal-cortex","display_name":"Prefrontal cortex","score":0.24698197841644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.10897848010063171}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776559556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18717","display_name":"Orbitofrontal cortex","level":4,"score":0.9126900434494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983163835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749520","display_name":"Frontal cortex","level":2,"score":0.5588038563728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4998598098754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4636216461658478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.41648998856544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3323785662651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18680","display_name":"Prefrontal cortex","level":3,"score":0.24698197841644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.10897848010063171}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005715","descriptor_name":"Gambling","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005717","descriptor_name":"Games, Experimental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005715","descriptor_name":"Gambling","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005717","descriptor_name":"Games, Experimental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005715","descriptor_name":"Gambling","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005717","descriptor_name":"Games, Experimental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944719","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25571087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25571087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499836032","https://openalex.org/W2006819294","https://openalex.org/W2029232177","https://openalex.org/W2033660305","https://openalex.org/W2035258287","https://openalex.org/W2035946861","https://openalex.org/W2056072423","https://openalex.org/W2059046553","https://openalex.org/W2072522618","https://openalex.org/W2151442629","https://openalex.org/W2156777444","https://openalex.org/W2163749408"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2065813708","https://openalex.org/W1987494247","https://openalex.org/W4229498114","https://openalex.org/W2095153653","https://openalex.org/W2006819294","https://openalex.org/W2026164906","https://openalex.org/W2221703765","https://openalex.org/W3016993510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluating":[0],"value":[1],"and":[2,9,18,47,109],"risk":[3],"as":[4,6,92,94],"well":[5,75,93],"comparing":[7],"expected":[8],"actual":[10],"outcomes":[11],"is":[12,74,113],"the":[13,40,45,69,78,82,105,122,135],"crux":[14],"of":[15,81,124,126],"decision":[16,149],"making":[17],"reinforcement":[19],"based":[20],"learning.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"study,":[24],"we":[25],"record":[26],"from":[27],"stereotactic":[28],"electroencephalograph":[29],"depth":[30],"electrodes":[31],"in":[32,36,39,68,87,95,134,150],"a":[33,54,60,114,132],"human":[34],"subject":[35],"numerous":[37],"areas":[38,143],"brain.":[41],"We":[42],"focus":[43],"on":[44,59],"lateral":[46,108],"medial":[48,110],"orbitofrontal":[49,111],"cortex":[50,112],"while":[51],"they":[52],"perform":[53],"gambling":[55],"task":[56],"involving":[57],"betting":[58,90],"high":[61,89],"card.":[62],"Preliminary":[63],"time-frequency":[64],"analysis":[65],"shows":[66],"modulations":[67],"5-15":[70],"Hz":[71],"band":[72],"that":[73,141,146],"synced":[76],"to":[77],"different":[79],"events":[80],"task.":[83],"These":[84],"oscillations":[85,128],"increase":[86],"both":[88],"scenarios":[91,97],"losing":[96],"though":[98],"their":[99],"effects":[100],"cannot":[101],"be":[102],"decoupled.":[103],"However,":[104],"activity":[106],"between":[107],"lot":[115],"more":[116],"homogenous":[117],"than":[118],"previously":[119],"seen.":[120],"Additionally,":[121],"timing":[123],"some":[125],"these":[127,142],"occurs":[129],"before":[130],"even":[131],"response":[133],"visual":[136],"cortex.":[137],"This":[138],"evidence":[139],"hints":[140],"encode":[144],"priors":[145],"influence":[147],"our":[148],"future":[151],"statistically":[152],"ambiguous":[153],"scenarios.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}