{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999503701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","title":"Causal analysis of cortical networks involved in reaching to spatial targets","display_name":"Causal analysis of cortical networks involved in reaching to spatial targets","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999503701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","mag":"1999503701","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570967"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000268517","display_name":"John R. Iversen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4172-9848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Iversen","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego, Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego, Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101726752","display_name":"Alejandro Ojeda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-0129"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Ojeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Syntrogi Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Syntrogi Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026042402","display_name":"Tim Mullen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8498-8172"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Mullen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Neural Computation, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Neural Computation, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003920675","display_name":"Markus Plank","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Plank","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088293095","display_name":"Joseph Snider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-5107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Snider","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059013717","display_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-5529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150894","display_name":"Jacobs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05pmj3x43","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150894"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gert Cauwenberghs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering and Institute of Neural Computation, La Jolla, CA, USA","UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering and Institute of Neural Computation, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111522616","display_name":"Howard Poizner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Poizner","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego, Brain Products, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"4399","last_page":"4402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7045894861221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5211160778999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.4925316274166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4809971749782562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-control","display_name":"Motor control","score":0.4500305652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolbox","display_name":"Toolbox","score":0.4302936792373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3565064072608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3211682438850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22416755557060242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7045894861221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5211160778999329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.4925316274166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4809971749782562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137813230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165","display_name":"Motor control","level":2,"score":0.4500305652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501161","display_name":"Toolbox","level":2,"score":0.4302936792373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3565064072608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3211682438850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22416755557060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015225","descriptor_name":"Magnetoencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015225","descriptor_name":"Magnetoencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015225","descriptor_name":"Magnetoencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064368","descriptor_name":"Healthy Volunteers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064368","descriptor_name":"Healthy Volunteers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064368","descriptor_name":"Healthy Volunteers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944599","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25570967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1941146711","https://openalex.org/W1971986188","https://openalex.org/W1980812044","https://openalex.org/W1982113426","https://openalex.org/W2010910081","https://openalex.org/W2014649563","https://openalex.org/W2014818218","https://openalex.org/W2019166461","https://openalex.org/W2036790630","https://openalex.org/W2045959737","https://openalex.org/W2068117910","https://openalex.org/W2096880965","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2142106331","https://openalex.org/W2145309136","https://openalex.org/W2156567212","https://openalex.org/W2157765880","https://openalex.org/W2169124255","https://openalex.org/W2171746332","https://openalex.org/W2330418428","https://openalex.org/W2334505500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068663075","https://openalex.org/W2978678743","https://openalex.org/W2797837731","https://openalex.org/W2150344375","https://openalex.org/W829257147","https://openalex.org/W3081389670","https://openalex.org/W4390832911","https://openalex.org/W4385302116","https://openalex.org/W3044929382","https://openalex.org/W2470346431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"planning":[1,21,105,161],"of":[2,10,16,68,81,103,129,137],"goal-directed":[3,50,126],"movement":[4],"towards":[5],"targets":[6],"in":[7,113],"different":[8],"parts":[9],"space":[11],"is":[12,24,53],"an":[13],"important":[14],"function":[15],"the":[17,57,92,110,135],"brain.":[18],"Such":[19],"visuo-motor":[20],"and":[22,34,48,88,106,140,147,162],"execution":[23],"known":[25],"to":[26,45,55,166],"involve":[27],"multiple":[28],"brain":[29,41,149],"regions,":[30],"including":[31],"visual,":[32,145],"parietal,":[33],"frontal":[35,148],"cortices.":[36],"To":[37],"understand":[38],"how":[39],"these":[40],"regions":[42,150],"work":[43],"together":[44,154],"both":[46],"plan":[47],"execute":[49],"movement,":[51],"it":[52],"essential":[54],"describe":[56],"dynamic":[58],"causal":[59,66,101,111],"interactions":[60,67],"among":[61],"them.":[62],"Here":[63],"we":[64],"model":[65],"distributed":[69,84],"cortical":[70],"source":[71,85],"activity":[72],"derived":[73],"from":[74],"non-invasively":[75],"recorded":[76],"EEG,":[77],"using":[78],"a":[79,114,121,130],"combination":[80],"ICA,":[82],"minimum-norm":[83],"localization":[86],"(cLORETA),":[87],"dynamical":[89],"modeling":[90],"within":[91],"Source":[93],"Information":[94],"Flow":[95],"Toolbox":[96],"(SIFT).":[97],"We":[98],"differentiate":[99],"network":[100,112],"connectivity":[102,143],"reach":[104,152],"execution,":[107,163],"by":[108],"comparing":[109],"speeded":[115],"reaching":[116],"task":[117,123,167],"with":[118,155],"that":[119],"for":[120],"control":[122],"not":[124],"requiring":[125],"movement.":[127],"Analysis":[128],"pilot":[131],"dataset":[132],"(n=5)":[133],"shows":[134],"utility":[136],"this":[138],"technique":[139],"reveals":[141],"increased":[142],"between":[144],"motor":[146],"during":[151,160],"planning,":[153],"decreased":[156],"cross-hemisphere":[157],"visual":[158],"coupling":[159],"possibly":[164],"related":[165],"demands.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}