{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036277570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","title":"Estimation of pedicle screw fixation strength from probe indentation force and screw insertion torque: A biomechanical study on bone surrogates of various densities","display_name":"Estimation of pedicle screw fixation strength from probe indentation force and screw insertion torque: A biomechanical study on bone surrogates of various densities","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036277570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","mag":"2036277570","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009797250","display_name":"Hedayeh Mehmanparast","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. N. Mehmanparast","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","Mechanical Engineering Department, \u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 1K3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, \u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 1K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047429788","display_name":"Jean\u2010Marc Mac\u2010Thiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-3893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Mac-Thiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada","Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5 Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5 Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027523991","display_name":"Yvan Petit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-8191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Petit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","Mechanical Engineering Department, \u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 1K3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, \u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 1K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92319334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"4350","last_page":"4353"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indentation","display_name":"Indentation","score":0.8693987131118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.735077977180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixation","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","score":0.6710549592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6191380620002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomechanics","display_name":"Biomechanics","score":0.5356186628341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.4707385003566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.4615734815597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.3519074618816376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11702349781990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.11013635993003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10824704170227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10005274415016174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154141","display_name":"Indentation","level":2,"score":0.8693987131118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.735077977180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146249460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914991","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6710549592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6191380620002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170700871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193378","display_name":"Biomechanics","level":2,"score":0.5356186628341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4707385003566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4615734815597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3519074618816376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11702349781990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.11013635993003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10824704170227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10005274415016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008422","descriptor_name":"Materials Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008422","descriptor_name":"Materials Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008422","descriptor_name":"Materials Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011140","descriptor_name":"Polyurethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011140","descriptor_name":"Polyurethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011140","descriptor_name":"Polyurethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019415","descriptor_name":"Torque","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019415","descriptor_name":"Torque","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019415","descriptor_name":"Torque","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065289","descriptor_name":"Pedicle Screws","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065289","descriptor_name":"Pedicle Screws","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065289","descriptor_name":"Pedicle Screws","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944587","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25570955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:9051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/9051/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Compte rendu de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320994","display_name":"Canada Research Chairs","ror":"https://ror.org/0517h6h17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571901798","https://openalex.org/W1993977410","https://openalex.org/W2003369318","https://openalex.org/W2005444120","https://openalex.org/W2031566062","https://openalex.org/W2048740071","https://openalex.org/W2054279178","https://openalex.org/W2061099463","https://openalex.org/W2077435206","https://openalex.org/W2096901253","https://openalex.org/W2100571090","https://openalex.org/W2139962759","https://openalex.org/W2147818892","https://openalex.org/W2160599602"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004727624","https://openalex.org/W4377229973","https://openalex.org/W2055373071","https://openalex.org/W2689443512","https://openalex.org/W2884788118","https://openalex.org/W2000394171","https://openalex.org/W2393275828","https://openalex.org/W2734828219","https://openalex.org/W2005852287","https://openalex.org/W4392167928"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Posterior":[0],"pedicle":[1],"screw":[2,42,70,110,121,131],"fixation":[3,15,132],"is":[4,16],"commonly":[5],"used":[6],"for":[7,105],"patients":[8],"with":[9],"spinal":[10],"disorders.":[11],"However,":[12],"failure":[13],"of":[14,29,52],"reported":[17],"in":[18,134],"many":[19],"cases":[20],"and":[21,45,58,85,97,109,124,145,150],"surgeons":[22],"have":[23],"only":[24],"little":[25],"information.":[26],"The":[27,55,76,102],"objective":[28],"this":[30],"study":[31,116],"was":[32,91],"to":[33,82,86,148,151,155],"assess":[34],"the":[35,38,46,98,119,125,130],"correlation":[36,90],"between":[37,94],"probe":[39],"indentation":[40,56,95,107,126],"force,":[41],"insertion":[43,59,71,100,111,122],"torque":[44,60,112,123],"pullout":[47,83],"force":[48,57,84,96,108,127],"using":[49,63],"bone":[50,136],"surrogates":[51],"different":[53],"densities.":[54],"were":[61,79,113],"measured":[62],"a":[64],"custom":[65],"made":[66],"test":[67],"bench":[68],"during":[69],"into":[72],"polyurethane":[73],"foam":[74],"blocks.":[75],"two":[77],"variables":[78],"significantly":[80],"correlated":[81],"density.":[87],"A":[88],"high":[89],"also":[92],"found":[93],"peak":[99,120],"torque.":[101],"proposed":[103],"methods":[104],"measuring":[106],"reproducible.":[114],"This":[115],"suggests":[117],"that":[118],"can":[128],"predict":[129],"strength":[133],"synthetic":[135],"models.":[137],"Additional":[138],"tests":[139],"should":[140],"be":[141],"performed":[142],"on":[143],"animal":[144],"human":[146],"specimens":[147],"confirm":[149],"translate":[152],"these":[153],"findings":[154],"clinical":[156],"applications.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}