{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2329797962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","title":"Automated face extraction and normalization of 3D Mesh Data","display_name":"Automated face extraction and normalization of 3D Mesh Data","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2329797962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","mag":"2329797962","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4287986","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007475662","display_name":"Jia Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-5801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062363056","display_name":"Raymond Tse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0179-9809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Tse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Washington, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Washington, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076121553","display_name":"Linda G. Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-0968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda G. Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.1754,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98724374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":null,"first_page":"750","last_page":"753"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11679","display_name":"Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7637804746627808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7457956075668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6792030334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6414206027984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6051830649375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.4732899069786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4700039029121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4634300172328949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4326712489128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.4190957546234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4121733605861664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21730118989944458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7637804746627808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7457956075668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6792030334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6414206027984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6051830649375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.4732899069786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4700039029121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4634300172328949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4326712489128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.4190957546234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4121733605861664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21730118989944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002971","descriptor_name":"Cleft Lip","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002971","descriptor_name":"Cleft Lip","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002971","descriptor_name":"Cleft Lip","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009666","descriptor_name":"Nose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012015","descriptor_name":"Reference Standards","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012015","descriptor_name":"Reference Standards","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012015","descriptor_name":"Reference Standards","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6943699","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25570067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25570067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4287986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4287986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.641.8740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.641.8740","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/VACE/Multimedia/Jia_EMBC2014_final.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:1267902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1267902","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4287986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4287986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2931199621","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01DE020050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G709288708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1U01DE020050-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W1996654820","https://openalex.org/W2006952256","https://openalex.org/W2032618685","https://openalex.org/W2042654079","https://openalex.org/W2047508432","https://openalex.org/W2096020629","https://openalex.org/W2123867616","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2166170205","https://openalex.org/W6662335928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W3183843611","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W3211418293","https://openalex.org/W4308999963","https://openalex.org/W2985118265","https://openalex.org/W4312081214","https://openalex.org/W2059356388","https://openalex.org/W325114128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,23],"stereophotography":[1],"is":[2,26,43],"rapidly":[3],"being":[4],"adopted":[5],"by":[6],"medical":[7,68],"researchers":[8],"for":[9,19,50],"analysis":[10,85],"of":[11,40,119],"facial":[12],"forms":[13],"and":[14,32,79,86,95,113,124],"features.":[15],"An":[16],"essential":[17],"step":[18],"many":[20],"applications":[21],"using":[22],"face":[24,33,53,82],"data":[25,56],"to":[27,44,90],"first":[28],"crop":[29,91],"the":[30,35,52,67,93],"head":[31],"from":[34,54,60],"raw":[36,55],"images.":[37],"The":[38,98],"goal":[39],"this":[41],"paper":[42],"develop":[45],"a":[46,61,109,114],"reliable":[47,103],"automatic":[48],"methodology":[49],"extracting":[51],"with":[57,121],"texture":[58],"acquired":[59],"stereo":[62],"imaging":[63],"system,":[64],"based":[65],"on":[66,105],"researchers'":[69],"specific":[70],"requirements.":[71],"We":[72],"present":[73],"an":[74],"automated":[75],"process,":[76],"including":[77,108],"eye":[78],"nose":[80],"estimation,":[81],"detection,":[83],"Procrustes":[84],"final":[87],"noise":[88],"removal":[89],"out":[92],"faces":[94],"normalize":[96],"them.":[97],"proposed":[99],"method":[100],"shows":[101],"very":[102,115],"results":[104],"several":[106],"datasets,":[107],"normal":[110],"adult":[111],"dataset":[112,117],"challenging":[116],"consisting":[118],"infants":[120],"cleft":[122],"lip":[123],"palate.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
