{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054025328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","title":"The discriminant analysis of the voice expression of emotion - Focus on the nursing experience -","display_name":"The discriminant analysis of the voice expression of emotion - Focus on the nursing experience -","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054025328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","mag":"2054025328","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24109924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017493328","display_name":"Yahan Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yahan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067290436","display_name":"Yuko Ohno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3469-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"Osaka University","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuko Ohno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka university University, Japan","Osaka Univ. Univ., Osaka, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka university University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Univ. Univ., Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103510864","display_name":"Qian Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100863069","display_name":"ZhaoYan Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ZhaoYan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102120082","display_name":"ZhiXiong Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ZhiXiong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Med. Instrum. Coll., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017493328"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57865761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1262","last_page":"1265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13289","display_name":"Infant Health and Development","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.8417401313781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.8108055591583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5888704061508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5808743238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5501818656921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/everyday-life","display_name":"Everyday life","score":0.4955524206161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-analysis","display_name":"Voice analysis","score":0.46988916397094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.44158318638801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-expression","display_name":"Emotional expression","score":0.43576762080192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.364307701587677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3641968071460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.298443466424942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.22301629185676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1440160572528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.11491987109184265}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.8417401313781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.8108055591583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5888704061508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5808743238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5501818656921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779018934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129653","display_name":"Everyday life","level":2,"score":0.4955524206161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182964821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7939498","display_name":"Voice analysis","level":2,"score":0.46988916397094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.44158318638801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143110190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373787","display_name":"Emotional expression","level":2,"score":0.43576762080192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.364307701587677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3641968071460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.298443466424942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.22301629185676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1440160572528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.11491987109184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009726","descriptor_name":"Nurses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009726","descriptor_name":"Nurses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009726","descriptor_name":"Nurses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009729","descriptor_name":"Nursing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011369","descriptor_name":"Professional-Patient Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011369","descriptor_name":"Professional-Patient Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011369","descriptor_name":"Professional-Patient Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013016","descriptor_name":"Sound","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013016","descriptor_name":"Sound","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013016","descriptor_name":"Sound","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014831","descriptor_name":"Voice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014831","descriptor_name":"Voice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014831","descriptor_name":"Voice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016002","descriptor_name":"Discriminant Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016002","descriptor_name":"Discriminant Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016002","descriptor_name":"Discriminant Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6609737","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:24109924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24109924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74556043","https://openalex.org/W1966797434","https://openalex.org/W1976725440","https://openalex.org/W2003547693","https://openalex.org/W2079234969","https://openalex.org/W2094341593","https://openalex.org/W2517003774","https://openalex.org/W4251867726","https://openalex.org/W4390911347","https://openalex.org/W6603075454","https://openalex.org/W6861060668"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350751952","https://openalex.org/W1999647744","https://openalex.org/W2362114017","https://openalex.org/W3147024994","https://openalex.org/W2063246903","https://openalex.org/W2374055396","https://openalex.org/W1978302214","https://openalex.org/W2021817983","https://openalex.org/W3008559849","https://openalex.org/W2371177901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31],"characteristics":[1],"of":[2,33,44,67,70,113],"emotional":[3],"expression":[4],"in":[5,16],"everyday":[6],"life":[7,13],"vary":[8],"significantly":[9],"depending":[10],"on":[11,27,107],"one's":[12],"experiences,":[14],"role":[15],"society,":[17],"and":[18,54,75,83,97],"other":[19],"factors,":[20],"especially":[21],"special":[22],"occupation":[23],"experiences.":[24],"We":[25,47],"focus":[26],"the":[28,49,56,60,68,80,87,91,116,122,130],"nursing":[29,108],"experience.":[30,109],"purpose":[32],"this":[34],"study":[35],"is":[36,118,124],"to":[37,41,127],"establish":[38],"a":[39],"method":[40],"discriminate":[42,76],"voice":[43],"nurse's":[45],"emotion.":[46],"performed":[48,79],"pronunciation":[50],"experiment":[51],"at":[52,103],"first":[53],"through":[55],"sound":[57],"analysis,":[58,132],"extracted":[59],"effective":[61],"speech":[62,92,136],"parameters.":[63,137],"For":[64],"make":[65],"clear":[66],"differences":[69],"these":[71,98],"parameters":[72,93,100],"between":[73,95],"emotions":[74,96,112],"emotions,":[77],"we":[78],"multiple":[81],"comparisons":[82],"discriminant":[84,120,131],"analysis.":[85],"In":[86,110],"result,":[88],"found":[89,133],"that":[90],"different":[94,102],"affected":[99],"are":[101],"two":[104,134],"groups":[105],"based":[106],"four":[111],"our":[114],"study,":[115],"Sadness":[117],"easy":[119],"emotion;":[121],"Joy":[123],"most":[125],"difficult":[126],"discriminate.":[128],"Through":[129],"stable":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}