{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075872128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","title":"Control of a biomimetic brain machine interface with local field potentials: Performance and stability of a static decoder over 200 days","display_name":"Control of a biomimetic brain machine interface with local field potentials: Performance and stability of a static decoder over 200 days","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075872128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","mag":"2075872128","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082871230","display_name":"Robert D. Flint","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0281-5778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. D. Flint","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. r-flint@northwestern.edu","Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. r-flint@northwestern.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084788671","display_name":"Zachary A. Wright","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-7506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. A. Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA","Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064842791","display_name":"Marc W. Slutzky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2269-7729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. W. Slutzky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Neurology, Physiology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","Departments of Neurology, Physiology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, IL 60611 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Neurology, Physiology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Neurology, Physiology, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, IL 60611 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082871230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77826177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"6719","last_page":"6722"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.7619874477386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cursor","display_name":"Cursor (databases)","score":0.7448954582214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6938486695289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-field-potential","display_name":"Local field potential","score":0.5681498050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.4523431360721588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.42092758417129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.41150227189064026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3961108326911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2979985773563385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.19007059931755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.16429856419563293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10293444991111755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.7619874477386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2998101","display_name":"Cursor (databases)","level":2,"score":0.7448954582214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6938486695289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117838684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533483","display_name":"Local field potential","level":2,"score":0.5681498050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.4523431360721588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.42092758417129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.41150227189064026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3961108326911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2979985773563385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.19007059931755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.16429856419563293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10293444991111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008253","descriptor_name":"Macaca mulatta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008253","descriptor_name":"Macaca mulatta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008253","descriptor_name":"Macaca mulatta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019054","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Motor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019054","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Motor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019054","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials, Motor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032701","descriptor_name":"Biomimetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032701","descriptor_name":"Biomimetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032701","descriptor_name":"Biomimetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23367471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1592082209","https://openalex.org/W1966679339","https://openalex.org/W1985741088","https://openalex.org/W1986885950","https://openalex.org/W2015783376","https://openalex.org/W2016937413","https://openalex.org/W2039621768","https://openalex.org/W2041248708","https://openalex.org/W2048272660","https://openalex.org/W2065058030","https://openalex.org/W2104137141","https://openalex.org/W2117151438","https://openalex.org/W2129649469","https://openalex.org/W2149331527","https://openalex.org/W2152179757","https://openalex.org/W2152225095"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W1989700973","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W2167683893","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W2889342546","https://openalex.org/W2015048155","https://openalex.org/W2135454142"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain-machine":[0],"interfaces":[1],"(BMIs)":[2],"have":[3],"the":[4,27,47,156],"potential":[5],"to":[6,10,22,29,38,83,103,181],"restore":[7],"lost":[8],"function":[9],"individuals":[11],"with":[12],"severe":[13],"motor":[14],"impairments.":[15],"An":[16],"important":[17],"design":[18],"specification":[19],"for":[20,76,112],"BMIs":[21,107],"be":[23],"clinically":[24],"useful":[25],"is":[26],"ability":[28],"achieve":[30],"high":[31],"performance":[32,139],"over":[33,91,133],"a":[34,52,67,72,92,134,167,178],"period":[35],"of":[36,51,71,78,94,141],"months":[37],"years":[39],"without":[40],"requiring":[41],"frequent":[42],"recalibration.":[43],"Here,":[44],"we":[45,164],"report":[46],"first":[48],"successful":[49],"implementation":[50],"biomimetic":[53],"BMI":[54,62,100,170],"based":[55,108,171,183],"on":[56,109,161,172],"local":[57],"field":[58],"potentials":[59],"(LFPs).":[60],"A":[61],"decoder":[63],"was":[64,101],"built":[65],"from":[66],"single":[68],"recording":[69],"session":[70],"random-pursuit":[73],"reaching":[74],"task":[75],"each":[77],"two":[79],"monkeys,":[80],"and":[81,138,146],"used":[82],"control":[84],"cursor":[85,114,142],"position":[86],"in":[87],"real":[88],"time":[89],"(online)":[90],"span":[93],"210":[95],"days.":[96],"Performance":[97],"using":[98,106],"this":[99,117],"similar":[102],"prior":[104],"reports":[105],"single-unit":[110,182],"spikes":[111],"2D":[113],"control.":[115],"During":[116],"ongoing":[118],"study,":[119],"target":[120],"acquisition":[121],"rates":[122],"remained":[123,149],"constant":[124,150],"(in":[125],"1":[126],"monkey)":[127,132],"or":[128,151],"improved":[129],"slightly":[130],"(1":[131],"7":[135],"month":[136],"span,":[137],"metrics":[140],"movement":[143],"(path":[144],"length":[145],"time-to-target)":[147],"also":[148],"showed":[152],"mild":[153],"improvement":[154],"as":[155,177],"monkeys":[157],"gained":[158],"practice.":[159],"Based":[160],"these":[162],"results,":[163],"expect":[165],"that":[166],"stable,":[168],"high-performance":[169],"LFP":[173],"signals":[174],"could":[175],"serve":[176],"viable":[179],"alternative":[180],"BMIs.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}