{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972099783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","title":"A model of variability in brain stimulation evoked responses","display_name":"A model of variability in brain stimulation evoked responses","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972099783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","mag":"1972099783","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033945885","display_name":"Stefan M. Goetz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-0714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefan M. Goetz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060326045","display_name":"Angel V. Peterchev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4385-065X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angel V. Peterchev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033945885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80237389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"6434","last_page":"6437"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6102418303489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurostimulation","display_name":"Neurostimulation","score":0.5844087600708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","score":0.5470678210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5453199744224548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5418421030044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.43255022168159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35572025179862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.23121458292007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.16123807430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.14046445488929749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6102418303489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776443511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1724687","display_name":"Neurostimulation","level":3,"score":0.5844087600708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778581513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263962","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","level":3,"score":0.5470678210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5453199744224548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5418421030044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.43255022168159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35572025179862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.23121458292007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.16123807430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.14046445488929749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013269","descriptor_name":"Stochastic Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013269","descriptor_name":"Stochastic Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013269","descriptor_name":"Stochastic Processes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050781","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050781","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050781","descriptor_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23367402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967525341","https://openalex.org/W1967666302","https://openalex.org/W1973477493","https://openalex.org/W1977312576","https://openalex.org/W2001274686","https://openalex.org/W2003844817","https://openalex.org/W2018729195","https://openalex.org/W2019148392","https://openalex.org/W2020719622","https://openalex.org/W2025591487","https://openalex.org/W2035540062","https://openalex.org/W2040332502","https://openalex.org/W2042676202","https://openalex.org/W2042852371","https://openalex.org/W2058329446","https://openalex.org/W2072067337","https://openalex.org/W2084840427","https://openalex.org/W2136448515","https://openalex.org/W2156092714","https://openalex.org/W2158746894","https://openalex.org/W2169496098","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2318312219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214563745","https://openalex.org/W4256510171","https://openalex.org/W2791717398","https://openalex.org/W2944375777","https://openalex.org/W2137484429","https://openalex.org/W2117151692","https://openalex.org/W2013769480","https://openalex.org/W2093044760","https://openalex.org/W2431651879","https://openalex.org/W2593331554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,41],"input-output":[1],"(IO)":[2],"curve":[3,43,93],"of":[4,12,32,52,71,90,118,125,172,198,210],"cortical":[5],"neuron":[6],"populations":[7],"is":[8,16,27,145],"a":[9,75,110,115,148],"key":[10],"measure":[11],"neural":[13,55,213],"excitability":[14,174],"and":[15,66,184],"related":[17],"to":[18,147,167,194],"other":[19],"response":[20,201],"measures":[21,178,192],"including":[22,176],"the":[23,50,53,91,104,122,126,142,181,185,195,199,208,211],"motor":[24,182],"threshold":[25,183],"which":[26],"widely":[28],"used":[29],"for":[30,47,103,135,170],"individualization":[31],"neurostimulation":[33],"techniques,":[34],"such":[35,179],"as":[36,180,188,190],"transcranial":[37],"magnetic":[38],"stimulation":[39],"(TMS).":[40],"IO":[42,72,92,106,127,150,186,200],"parameters":[44,175],"provide":[45,204],"biomarkers":[46],"changes":[48],"in":[49],"state":[51,209],"target":[54],"population":[56],"that":[57,82,96,113,202],"could":[58,165,203],"result":[59],"from":[60],"neurostimulation,":[61],"pharmacological":[62],"interventions,":[63],"or":[64],"neurological":[65],"psychiatric":[67],"conditions.":[68],"Conventional":[69],"analyses":[70],"data":[73,151],"assume":[74],"sigmoidal":[76],"shape":[77],"with":[78],"additive":[79,98],"Gaussian":[80],"scattering":[81],"allows":[83],"simple":[84,97],"regression":[85],"modeling.":[86],"However,":[87],"careful":[88],"study":[89],"characteristics":[94,197],"reveals":[95],"noise":[99],"does":[100],"not":[101],"account":[102],"observed":[105],"variability.":[107],"We":[108,129],"propose":[109],"consistent":[111],"model":[112],"adds":[114],"second":[116],"source":[117],"intrinsic":[119],"variability":[120,196],"on":[121],"input":[123],"side":[124],"response.":[128],"develop":[130],"an":[131],"appropriate":[132],"mathematical":[133],"method":[134],"calibrating":[136],"this":[137,154],"new":[138],"nonlinear":[139],"model.":[140],"Finally,":[141],"modeling":[143,155],"framework":[144],"applied":[146],"representative":[149],"set.":[152],"With":[153],"approach,":[156],"previously":[157],"inexplicable":[158],"stochastic":[159],"behavior":[160],"becomes":[161],"obvious.":[162],"This":[163],"work":[164],"lead":[166],"improved":[168],"algorithms":[169],"estimation":[171],"various":[173],"established":[177],"slope,":[187],"well":[189],"novel":[191],"relating":[193],"additional":[205],"insight":[206],"into":[207],"targeted":[212],"population.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}