{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2070721687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","title":"Estimating correlation for a real-time measure of connectivity","display_name":"Estimating correlation for a real-time measure of connectivity","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2070721687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","mag":"2070721687","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101899304","display_name":"A. Arunkumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-4771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Arunkumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. aarunkum@uncc.edu","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, NC 28223, USA. aarunkum@uncc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058537908","display_name":"Ashish Panday","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Panday","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006521268","display_name":"Bharat Joshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-1292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044561738","display_name":"Arun Ravindran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ravindran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064206652","display_name":"Hitten P. Zaveri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7830-0052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. P. Zaveri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Heaven, CT, USA","Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Heaven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101899304"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4185,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61312487,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"5190","last_page":"5193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7442034482955933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon","display_name":"Xeon","score":0.6731969118118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.669636607170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.5762786269187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5218745470046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.5011146068572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.47461074590682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4216683506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3659933805465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3208794891834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16083618998527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1308315396308899}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7442034482955933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145108525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656154","display_name":"Xeon","level":2,"score":0.6731969118118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.669636607170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.5762786269187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5218745470046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.5011146068572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.47461074590682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4216683506965637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3659933805465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3208794891834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16083618998527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1308315396308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003199","descriptor_name":"Computer Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063132","descriptor_name":"Connectome","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6347163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23367098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23367098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986080791","https://openalex.org/W2078384647","https://openalex.org/W2088402504","https://openalex.org/W2113952909","https://openalex.org/W2168429524","https://openalex.org/W4236706032"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2981664121","https://openalex.org/W2936534257","https://openalex.org/W2887282140","https://openalex.org/W2526069705","https://openalex.org/W2741421049","https://openalex.org/W2108305411","https://openalex.org/W1980140364","https://openalex.org/W2024016913","https://openalex.org/W2295585735","https://openalex.org/W4297692848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"has":[1],"recently":[2],"been":[3],"considerable":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,57,111],"connectivity":[7],"analysis":[8],"of":[9,20,40,46,104],"fMRI":[10],"and":[11,13,73],"scalp":[12],"intracranial":[14],"EEG":[15],"time-series.":[16,48],"The":[17,65],"computational":[18],"requirements":[19],"the":[21,25,37,41,70,101],"pair-wise":[22],"correlation":[23,84],"(PWC),":[24],"core":[26],"time-series":[27],"measure":[28],"used":[29],"to":[30,36,82,95],"estimate":[31,83],"connectivity,":[32],"presents":[33],"a":[34,51,93],"challenge":[35],"real-time":[38,58,96,109],"estimation":[39],"PWC":[42,56],"between":[43],"all":[44],"pairs":[45],"multiple":[47,63],"We":[49,79,98],"describe":[50],"parallel":[52],"algorithm":[53,66],"for":[54,59,85],"computing":[55],"streaming":[60],"data":[61],"from":[62],"channels.":[64],"was":[67],"implemented":[68],"on":[69],"Intel":[71],"Xeon\u2122":[72],"IBM":[74],"Cell":[75],"Broadband":[76],"Engine\u2122":[77],"platforms.":[78],"evaluated":[80],"time":[81,103],"signals":[86],"recorded":[87],"with":[88],"different":[89],"acquisition":[90],"parameters":[91],"as":[92],"comparison":[94],"constraints.":[97],"demonstrate":[99],"that":[100],"execution":[102],"these":[105],"efficient":[106],"implementations":[107],"meet":[108],"constraints":[110],"most":[112],"instances.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}